Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA.
The Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
Mol Diagn Ther. 2018 Feb;22(1):25-39. doi: 10.1007/s40291-017-0299-3.
Pediatric brain tumors are the primary cause of cancer-related death during childhood. Unfortunately, the number of primary and metastatic brain tumors is steadily increasing while the mortality rates for many central nervous system (CNS) lesions have remained stagnant. Molecularly defined tumor classes have been added to the most recent 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification System of Central Nervous System Brain Tumors, driving potential new treatments and identifying targets to improve survival for these patients. Focusing on the genetic mutations most commonly seen in the pediatric CNS tumor population provides the ability to better define tumors based on shared molecular characteristics. Consequently, there is the potential for greater efficacy in targeted therapy to treat these identified genetic aberrations. Understanding the growing importance of molecular diagnosis in pediatric CNS tumors is vital to successfully using novel targeted therapies and improving patient outcomes.
小儿脑肿瘤是儿童期癌症相关死亡的主要原因。不幸的是，原发性和转移性脑肿瘤的数量在稳步增加，而许多中枢神经系统 (CNS) 病变的死亡率却停滞不前。分子定义的肿瘤类型已被添加到最近的 2016 年世界卫生组织 (WHO) 中枢神经系统脑肿瘤分类系统中，为这些患者提供了潜在的新治疗方法和识别治疗靶点以提高生存率。专注于小儿 CNS 肿瘤人群中最常见的遗传突变，使我们能够根据共同的分子特征更好地定义肿瘤。因此，针对这些已识别的遗传异常进行靶向治疗的效果可能会更好。了解分子诊断在小儿 CNS 肿瘤中的重要性对于成功使用新型靶向治疗方法和改善患者预后至关重要。
