[墨西哥莫雷洛斯州新生儿铅中毒与边缘化问题]
[Lead poisoning and marginalization in newborns of Morelos, Mexico].
作者信息
Téllez-Rojo Martha María, Bautista-Arredondo Luis F, Richardson Vesta, Estrada-Sánchez Daniel, Ávila-Jiménez Laura, Ríos Camilo, Cantoral-Preciado Alejandra, Romero-Martínez Martín, Flores-Pimentel Delia, Melo-Zurita María Del Carmen, Romero-Ramírez Anita, León-Mazón Marco Antonio, Montes Sergio, Fuller Richard, Hernández-Ávila Mauricio
机构信息
Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, México.
Secretaría de Salud de Morelos. Cuernavaca, México.
出版信息
Salud Publica Mex. 2017 May-Jun;59(3):218-226. doi: 10.21149/8045.
OBJECTIVE
: To determine the prevalence of lead (Pb) poisoning at birth in Morelos, analyze its distribution by social marginalization level, and estimate the association with the use of lead glazed ceramics (LGC).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
: Blood lead level (BLL) in umbilical cord was measured in a representative sample of 300 randomly selected births at the Morelos Health Services and state IMSS.
RESULTS
: The prevalence of Pb poisoning at birth (BLL> 5μg/dL) was 14.7% (95%CI: 11.1, 19.3) and 22.2% (95%CI: 14.4, 32.5) in the most socially marginalized municipalities. 57.1% (95%CI: 51.3, 62.7) of the mothers used LGC during pregnancy, and the frequency of use was significantly associated with BLL.
CONCLUSION
: This is the first study to document the proportion of newborns with Pb poisoning who are at risk of experiencing the related adverse effects. It is recommended to monitor BLL at birth and take action to reduce this exposure, especially in socially marginalized populations.
目的
确定莫雷洛斯州出生时铅（Pb）中毒的患病率，按社会边缘化程度分析其分布情况，并估计与使用铅釉陶瓷（LGC）的关联。
材料与方法
在莫雷洛斯州卫生服务机构和州IMSS随机选取的300例出生病例的代表性样本中，测量脐带血铅水平（BLL）。
结果
在社会边缘化程度最高的市，出生时铅中毒（BLL>5μg/dL）的患病率为14.7%（95%CI：11.1，19.3），在社会边缘化程度最高的市，这一患病率为22.2%（95%CI：14.4，32.5）。57.1%（95%CI：51.3，62.7）的母亲在孕期使用LGC，且使用频率与BLL显著相关。
结论
这是第一项记录有铅中毒风险且可能经历相关不良反应的新生儿比例的研究。建议在出生时监测BLL，并采取行动减少这种暴露，尤其是在社会边缘化人群中。
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