[1-4岁儿童铅中毒的全国分布分析。对墨西哥公共政策的启示]
[Analysis of the national distributionof lead poisoning in 1-4 year-old children.Implications for Mexican public policy].
作者信息
Tellez-Rojo Martha María, Bautista-Arredondo Luis F, Trejo-Valdivia Belem, Tamayo-Ortiz Marcela, Estrada-Sánchez Daniel, Kraiem Ruben, Pantic Ivan, Mercado-García Adriana, Romero-Martínez Martín, Shamah-Levy Teresa, Fuller Richard, Cantoral Alejandra
机构信息
Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública. Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
Cátedras Conacyt. Ciudad de México, México.
出版信息
Salud Publica Mex. 2020 Nov-Dec;62(6):627-636. doi: 10.21149/11155.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate de magnitude of Pb poisoning (≥5μg/dL blood) in 1-4 year old children and to identify the contribution of lead-glazed ceramics use (LGC) as a source of exposure in the 32 Mexican states.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Using the results from a sample of capillary blood lead (BPb) we estimated the prevalence of Pb poisoning, it's association with LGC and national distribution.
RESULTS
The national prevalence of Pb poisoning was 17.4% representing 1.4 million children. The prevalence was 30.7% among LGC users and 11.8% in non-users. In 17 states the prevalence of Pb poisoning was ≥10%, in 11 states between 5-10%, and in 4 states <5%.
CONCLUSIONS
There is a geographic differential distribution of the problem; confirming the association with LGC and estimating the contribution of other Pb exposure sources. This information offers a guide to implement preven-tion and control actions in Mexico.
目的
评估墨西哥32个州1至4岁儿童铅中毒（血铅≥5μg/dL）的严重程度，并确定使用铅釉陶瓷（LGC）作为暴露源的影响。
材料与方法
利用毛细血管血铅（BPb）样本结果，我们估算了铅中毒的患病率、其与LGC的关联以及全国分布情况。
结果
全国铅中毒患病率为17.4%，涉及140万儿童。LGC使用者中的患病率为30.7%，非使用者为11.8%。17个州的铅中毒患病率≥10%，11个州在5%至10%之间，4个州<5%。
结论
该问题存在地理差异分布；证实了与LGC的关联并估算了其他铅暴露源的影响。这些信息为墨西哥实施预防和控制措施提供了指导。
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