Eriksson E
Department of Pharmacology, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 1987;335:31-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1987.tb07746.x.
For two decades it has been hypothesized that schizophrenia and depression are related to alterations in the activity of specific neurotransmitters in brain; to a great extent, these theories are based on the assumed mode of action of antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs. With the available knowledge of how panic anxiety can be effectively treated (and elicited) with drugs, it is now reasonable to formulate hypotheses also regarding the contribution of central neurotransmitters to the generation of panic. As will be discussed in this brief review, three substances seem to be of particular importance in this context: serotonin, noradrenaline and GABA. In view of this concept, the putative mode of action of the atypical benzodiazepine derivative alprazolam, which in contrast to other benzodiazepines has been attributed effectiveness in the treatment of panic, will also be discussed.
二十年来，一直有人提出假说，认为精神分裂症和抑郁症与大脑中特定神经递质的活性改变有关；在很大程度上，这些理论是基于抗精神病药物和抗抑郁药物假定的作用方式。鉴于已有关于如何用药物有效治疗（以及引发）惊恐焦虑的知识，现在也有理由就中枢神经递质对惊恐发作的作用提出假说。正如本简要综述将要讨论的，在这方面三种物质似乎特别重要：血清素、去甲肾上腺素和γ-氨基丁酸。鉴于这一概念，还将讨论非典型苯二氮䓬衍生物阿普唑仑的假定作用方式，与其他苯二氮䓬类药物不同，阿普唑仑已被认为对治疗惊恐有效。
