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新生儿重症监护病房住院新生儿疼痛的评估与管理:一项横断面研究。

Assessment and management of pain in newborns hospitalized in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: a cross-sectional study.

作者信息

Sposito Natália Pinheiro Braga, Rossato Lisabelle Mariano, Bueno Mariana, Kimura Amélia Fumiko, Costa Taine, Guedes Danila Maria Batista

机构信息

MSc, RN, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Professor, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

PhD, Professor, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

出版信息

Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2017 Sep 12;25:e2931. doi: 10.1590/1518-8345.1665.2931.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

: to determine the frequency of pain, to verify the measures adopted for pain relief during the first seven days of hospitalization in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and to identify the type and frequency of invasive procedures to which newborns are submitted.

METHOD

: cross-sectional retrospective study. Out of the 188 hospitalizations occurred during the 12-month period, 171 were included in the study. The data were collected from the charts and the presence of pain was analyzed based on the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale and on nursing notes suggestions of pain. For statistical analysis, the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences was used, and the significance level was set at 5%.

RESULTS

: there was at least one record of pain in 50.3% of the hospitalizations, according to the pain scale adopted or nursing note. The newborns underwent a mean of 6.6 invasive procedures per day. Only 32.5% of the pain records resulted in the adoption of pharmacological or non-pharmacological intervention for pain relief.

CONCLUSION

: newborns are frequently exposed to pain and the low frequency of pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions reinforces the undertreatment of this condition.

OBJETIVO

: determinar a frequência de dor e verificar as medidas realizadas para seu alívio durante os sete primeiros dias de internação na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal, bem como identificar o tipo e frequência de procedimentos invasivos aos quais os recém-nascidos foram submetidos.

MÉTODO:: estudo retrospectivo transversal. Das 188 internações ocorridas no período estipulado de 12 meses, 171 foram incluídas na pesquisa. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos prontuários e a presença de dor foi analisada tanto com base na escala de dor Neonatal Infant Pain Scale quanto mediante anotação de enfermagem sugestiva de dor. Para análise estatística, utilizou-se o programa Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, adotando-se nível de significância de 5%.

RESULTADOS

: em 50,3% das internações houve ao menos um registro de dor, conforme escala de dor adotada ou anotação de enfermagem. Os recém-nascidos foram submetidos à média de 6,6 procedimentos invasivos por dia. Apenas 32,5% dos registros de dor resultaram na adoção de condutas farmacológicas ou não farmacológicas para seu alívio.

CONCLUSÃO:: observa-se que os recém-nascidos são frequentemente expostos à dor e a baixa frequência de intervenções farmacológicas ou não farmacológicas reforça o subtratamento dessa condição.

OBJETIVO

: determinar la frecuencia del dolor, comprobar las medidas tomadas para su alivio durante los siete primeros días de internación en una Unidad de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal e identificar el tipo de procedimientos invasivos y la frecuencia a que se sometieron los recién nacidos.

MÉTODO:: estudio retrospectivo transversal. De las 188 internaciones realizadas en el período estipulado de 12 meses, se incluyeron 171 en la investigación. Los datos se recolectaron a partir de los prontuarios; la presencia de dolor se analizó según la Escala de Valorización del Dolor en el Neonato (Neonatal Infant Pain Scale) y las notas de enfermería sobre el dolor. Para el análisis estadístico, se utilizó el programa 'Paquete estadístico para las ciencias sociales' (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences), adoptándose el nivel de significación del 5%.

RESULTADOS

: en el 50,3% de las internaciones hubo al menos un registro de dolor, según la escala de dolor adoptada o las notas de la enfermería. Se sometió a los recién nacidos a un promedio de 6,6 procedimientos invasivos por día. Sólo el 32,5% de los registros de dolor resultaron en la adopción de conductas farmacológicas o no farmacológicas para su alivio.

CONCLUSIÓN:: se observa que los recién nacidos a menudo están expuestos al dolor, y la frecuencia baja de intervenciones farmacológicas o de las no farmacológicas refuerza el subtratamiento de dicha condición.

摘要

目的

确定疼痛的发生率,核实新生儿重症监护病房住院头七天所采取的缓解疼痛措施,并确定新生儿接受的侵入性操作的类型和频率。

方法

横断面回顾性研究。在规定的12个月期间发生的188次住院病例中,171例纳入研究。数据从病历中收集,根据新生儿婴儿疼痛量表和护理记录中有关疼痛情况的提示来分析疼痛的存在情况。统计分析采用社会科学统计软件包,显著性水平设定为5%。

结果

根据所采用的疼痛量表或护理记录,50.3%的住院病例至少有一次疼痛记录。新生儿每天平均接受6.6次侵入性操作。只有32.5%的疼痛记录导致采取了药物或非药物干预措施来缓解疼痛。

结论

新生儿经常遭受疼痛,而药物或非药物干预的低频率强化了对这种情况的治疗不足。

目的

确定疼痛的频率,核实新生儿重症监护病房住院头七天为缓解疼痛所采取的措施,以及确定新生儿所接受的侵入性操作的类型和频率。

方法

横断面回顾性研究。在规定的12个月期间发生的188次住院病例中,171例纳入研究。数据从病历中收集,疼痛的存在情况既根据新生儿婴儿疼痛量表进行分析,也通过护理记录中有关疼痛的提示进行分析。为进行统计分析,使用了社会科学统计软件包,显著性水平设定为5%。

结果

根据所采用的疼痛量表或护理记录,50.3%的住院病例至少有一次疼痛记录。新生儿每天平均接受6.6次侵入性操作。只有32.5%的疼痛记录导致采取了药物或非药物干预措施来缓解疼痛。

结论

可以观察到新生儿经常暴露于疼痛之中,药物或非药物干预的低频率强化了对这种情况治疗不足的状况。

目的

确定疼痛的频率,核查在新生儿重症监护病房住院的头七天里为缓解疼痛所采取 的措施,并确定新生儿接受的侵入性操作的类型和频率。

方法

横断面回顾性研究。在规定的12个月期间进行的188次住院治疗中,171例被纳入研究。数据从病历中收集,根据新生儿疼痛评估量表(Neonatal Infant Pain Scale)和护理记录中有关疼痛的记录来分析疼痛的存在情况。为进行统计分析,使用了“社会科学统计软件包”程序,显著性水平设定为5%。

结果

根据所采用的疼痛量表或护理记录,50.3%的住院治疗中至少有一次疼痛记录。新生儿平均每天接受6.6次侵入性操作。只有32.5%的疼痛记录导致采取了药物或非药物干预措施来缓解疼痛。

结论

可以观察到新生儿经常暴露于疼痛之中,药物或非药物干预的低频率强化了对这种情况的治疗不足。

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