1 Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2017 Jul;43(7):924-939. doi: 10.1177/0146167217700606. Epub 2017 May 3.
Previous research demonstrates that attitude certainty influences the degree to which an attitude changes in response to persuasive appeals. In the current research, decoding emotions from facial expressions and incidental processing fluency, during attitude formation, are examined as antecedents of both attitude certainty and attitude change. In Experiment 1, participants who decoded anger or happiness during attitude formation expressed their greater attitude certainty, and showed more resistance to persuasion than participants who decoded sadness. By manipulating the emotion decoded, the diagnosticity of processing fluency experienced during emotion decoding, and the gaze direction of the social targets, Experiment 2 suggests that the link between emotion decoding and attitude certainty results from incidental processing fluency. Experiment 3 demonstrated that fluency in processing irrelevant stimuli influences attitude certainty, which in turn influences resistance to persuasion. Implications for appraisal-based accounts of attitude formation and attitude change are discussed.
先前的研究表明，态度确定性会影响态度在面对说服性诉求时改变的程度。在当前的研究中，我们考察了在态度形成过程中，从面部表情解码情绪和偶然处理流畅度，作为态度确定性和态度改变的两个前提。在实验 1 中，参与者在形成态度时解码愤怒或快乐，表达了更高的态度确定性，并比解码悲伤的参与者表现出更大的抵制说服的倾向。通过操纵解码的情绪、在情绪解码过程中体验到的处理流畅性的诊断性，以及社会目标的注视方向，实验 2 表明，情绪解码与态度确定性之间的联系源于偶然处理流畅性。实验 3 表明，处理无关刺激的流畅性会影响态度确定性，进而影响对说服的抵制。讨论了基于评价的态度形成和态度改变的解释的含义。
