Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, Italy.
Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2017 Oct;23(10):1682-1688. doi: 10.1097/MIB.0000000000001272.
Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, the 2 major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in humans, arise in genetically predisposed individuals because of an abnormal immune response direct against constituents of the gut flora. Defects in counter-regulatory mechanisms are supposed to amplify and maintain the IBD-associated mucosal inflammation. Therefore, restoring the balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathways in the gut could contribute to halt the IBD-associated tissue-damaging immune response. Various suppressive T cell (Tregs) subsets have been characterized phenotypically and functionally and over the last decade, there has been enormous effort for optimizing the procedures for the in vitro expansion/generation of these cells for therapeutic purposes. Here we review the mechanisms of action and functional relevance of Tregs in the maintenance of gut inflammation and analyze the available data about the use of these cells in the treatment of IBD patients.
克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎是人类两种主要的炎症性肠病（IBD）形式，它们发生在遗传易感性个体中，是由于针对肠道菌群成分的异常免疫反应。认为调节机制的缺陷会放大和维持与 IBD 相关的黏膜炎症。因此，恢复肠道中炎症和抗炎途径之间的平衡可能有助于阻止与 IBD 相关的组织损伤免疫反应。已经对各种抑制性 T 细胞（Tregs）亚群进行了表型和功能特征描述，在过去十年中，人们为优化这些细胞的体外扩增/生成用于治疗目的的程序做出了巨大努力。在这里，我们回顾了 Tregs 在维持肠道炎症中的作用机制及其功能相关性，并分析了这些细胞在治疗 IBD 患者中的应用的现有数据。
