Schroeder Michael J, Lloyd Mark S
*University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine; Sioux Falls, SD †Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
J Craniofac Surg. 2017 Nov;28(8):2007-2011. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000003753.
Simulating natural characteristics and aesthetics in reconstructed ears has provided a complex 3-dimensional puzzle for those treating patients with microtia. Costochondral grafts remain the gold standard for autologous reconstruction. However, other options such as Medpor and prosthetics are indicated depending on patient circumstances and personal choice. Research into tissue engineering offers an alternative method to a traditional surgical approach that may reduce donor-site morbidity. However, tissue engineering for microtia reconstruction brings new challenges such as cell sourcing, promotion of chondrogenesis, scaffold vascularization, and prevention of scaffold contraction. Advancements in 3D printing, nanofiber utilization, stem cell technologies, and decellularization techniques have played significant roles in overcoming these challenges. These recent advancements and reports of a successful clinical-scale study in an immunocompetent animal suggest a promising outlook for future clinical application of tissue engineering for auricular reconstruction.
在重建耳朵时模拟自然特征和美学，给那些治疗小耳症患者的人带来了一个复杂的三维难题。肋软骨移植仍然是自体重建的金标准。然而，根据患者情况和个人选择，也可使用其他选择，如Medpor和假体。组织工程研究为传统手术方法提供了一种替代方法，可能会降低供体部位的发病率。然而，用于小耳症重建的组织工程带来了新的挑战，如细胞来源、软骨生成促进、支架血管化和支架收缩的预防。3D打印、纳米纤维利用、干细胞技术和去细胞化技术的进步在克服这些挑战中发挥了重要作用。这些最新进展以及在免疫健全动物中成功进行临床规模研究的报告表明，组织工程在耳廓重建未来临床应用方面前景广阔。
