通过在同种异体脂肪基质框架上共培养脂肪来源干细胞和软骨细胞来提高体外软骨生成。
Improving In Vitro Cartilage Generation by Co-Culturing Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Chondrocytes on an Allograft Adipose Matrix Framework.
机构信息
From the Center for Tissue Engineering, Department of Plastic Surgery, and the Department of Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine.
出版信息
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2021 Jan 1;147(1):87-99. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000007511.
BACKGROUND
Microtia is an inherited condition that results in varying degrees of external ear deformities; the most extreme form is anotia. Effective surgical reconstruction techniques have been developed. However, these usually require multistage procedures and have other inherent disadvantages. Tissue engineering technologies offer new approaches in the field of external ear reconstruction. In this setting, chondrocytes are cultured in the laboratory with the aim of creating bioengineered cartilage matrices. However, cartilage engineering has many challenges, including difficulty in culturing sufficient chondrocytes. To overcome these hurdles, the authors propose a novel model of cartilage engineering that involves co-culturing chondrocytes and adipose-derived stem cells on an allograft adipose-derived extracellular matrix scaffold.
METHODS
Auricular chondrocytes from porcine ear were characterized. Adipose-derived stem cells were isolated and expanded from human lipoaspirate. Then, the auricular chondrocytes were cultured on the allograft adipose matrix either alone or with the adipose-derived stem cells at different ratios and examined histologically.
RESULTS
Cartilage induction was most prominent when the cells were co-cultured on the allograft adipose matrix at a ratio of 1:9 (auricular chondrocyte-to-adipose-derived stem cell ratio). Furthermore, because of the xenogeneic nature of the experiment, the authors were able to determine that the adipose-derived stem cells contributed to chondrogenesis by means of a paracrine stimulation of the chondrocytes.
CONCLUSIONS
In this situation, adipose-derived stem cells provide sufficient support to induce the formation of cartilage when the number of auricular chondrocytes available is limited. This novel model of cartilage engineering provides a setting for using the patient's own chondrocytes and adipose tissue to create a customized ear framework that could be further used for surgical reconstruction.
背景
小耳畸形是一种遗传性疾病，导致外耳不同程度的畸形；最严重的形式是无耳。已经开发出有效的手术重建技术。然而，这些通常需要多阶段的手术，并且具有其他固有的缺点。组织工程技术为外耳重建领域提供了新的方法。在这种情况下，软骨细胞在实验室中培养，目的是创建生物工程化的软骨基质。然而，软骨工程有许多挑战，包括培养足够的软骨细胞的困难。为了克服这些障碍，作者提出了一种新颖的软骨工程模型，涉及在同种异体脂肪衍生细胞外基质支架上共培养软骨细胞和脂肪来源的干细胞。
方法
从猪耳中分离和鉴定出耳廓软骨细胞。从人脂肪抽吸物中分离和扩增脂肪来源的干细胞。然后，将耳廓软骨细胞单独或以不同比例与脂肪来源的干细胞共培养在同种异体脂肪基质上，并进行组织学检查。
结果
当细胞以 1:9（耳廓软骨细胞与脂肪来源的干细胞的比例）的比例共培养在同种异体脂肪基质上时，软骨诱导最为明显。此外，由于实验的异种性质，作者能够确定脂肪来源的干细胞通过旁分泌刺激软骨细胞来促进软骨形成。
结论
在这种情况下，当可获得的耳廓软骨细胞数量有限时，脂肪来源的干细胞提供了足够的支持，以诱导软骨形成。这种新型的软骨工程模型为使用患者自身的软骨细胞和脂肪组织创建可进一步用于手术重建的定制耳框架提供了一个环境。
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