Mycobacterium shimoidei-cavitary pulmonary disease with favorable outcome.

We report a case of cavitary pulmonary disease caused by Mycobacterium shimoidei in 67-year-old female with history of asthma. Even though susceptibility testing was not available, choice of treatment regimen (streptomycin, rifampicin, ethambutol, and clarithromycin), based on a few cases with favorable outcome reported in the literature, resulted with an excellent clinical, microbiological, and radiological response. This is the first report of pulmonary disease caused by M. shimoidei, but also the first ever isolation of M. shimoidei in Croatia.