Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
Compr Physiol. 2017 Sep 12;7(4):1085-1135. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c160038.
We examine the role of adipose tissue, typically considered an energy storage site, as a potential site of toxicant accumulation. Although the production of most persistent organic pollutants (POPs) was banned years ago, these toxicants persist in the environment due to their resistance to biodegradation and widespread distribution in various environmental forms (e.g., vapor, sediment, and water). As a result, human exposure to these toxicants is inevitable. Largely due to their lipophilicity, POPs bioaccumulate in adipose tissue, resulting in greater body burdens of these environmental toxicants with obesity. POPs of major concern include polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDDs/PCDFs), and polybrominated biphenyls and diphenyl ethers (PBBs/PBDEs), among other organic compounds. In this review, we (i) highlight the physical characteristics of toxicants that enable them to partition into and remain stored in adipose tissue, (ii) discuss the specific mechanisms of action by which these toxicants act to influence adipocyte function, and (iii) review associations between POP exposures and the development of obesity and diabetes. An area of controversy relates to the relative potential beneficial versus hazardous health effects of toxicant sequestration in adipose tissue. © 2017 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 7:1085-1135, 2017.
我们研究了脂肪组织的作用，脂肪组织通常被认为是一个能量储存场所，也是有毒物质积累的潜在场所。尽管大多数持久性有机污染物（POPs）的生产多年前就已被禁止，但由于它们具有抗生物降解性且广泛分布在各种环境形式（如蒸气、沉积物和水）中，这些有毒物质在环境中仍然存在。因此，人类不可避免地会接触到这些有毒物质。由于其亲脂性，POPs 在脂肪组织中生物累积，导致肥胖者体内这些环境有毒物质的负担更大。主要关注的 POP 包括多氯联苯（PCBs）、多氯二苯并对二恶英和呋喃（PCDDs/PCDFs）以及多溴联苯和二苯醚（PBBs/PBDEs）等有机化合物。在这篇综述中，我们：（i）强调了有毒物质的物理特性，使它们能够分配到并储存在脂肪组织中；（ii）讨论了这些有毒物质影响脂肪细胞功能的具体作用机制；（iii）回顾了 POP 暴露与肥胖和糖尿病发展之间的关联。一个有争议的领域涉及到有毒物质在脂肪组织中的隔离对健康的潜在有益和有害影响。 美国生理学会综合生理学 7:1085-1135, 2017.
