Zhou Dexi, Yang Kui, Chen Lu, Zhang Wen, Xu Zhenyu, Zuo Jian, Jiang Hui, Luan Jiajie
Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.
Department of Pharmacy in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China.
Oncotarget. 2017 Apr 11;8(34):57693-57706. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.17027. eCollection 2017 Aug 22.
Macrophages are critical myeloid cells with the hallmark of phenotypic heterogeneity and functional plasticity. Macrophages phenotypes are commonly described as classically-activated M1 and alternatively-activated M2 macrophages which play an essential role in the tissues homeostasis and diseases pathogenesis. Alternations of macrophage polarization and function states require precise regulation of target-gene expression. Emerging data demonstrate that epigenetic mechanisms and transcriptional factors are becoming increasingly appreciated in the orchestration of macrophage polarization in response to local environmental signals. This review is to focus on the advanced concepts of epigenetics changes involved with the macrophage polarization, including microRNAs, DNA methylation and histone modification, which are responsible for the altered cellular signaling and signature genes expression during M1 or M2 polarization. Eventually, the persistent investigation and understanding of epigenetic mechanisms in tissue macrophage polarization and function will enhance the potential to develop novel therapeutic targets for various diseases.
巨噬细胞是关键的髓系细胞，具有表型异质性和功能可塑性的特征。巨噬细胞表型通常被描述为经典激活的M1型和交替激活的M2型巨噬细胞，它们在组织稳态和疾病发病机制中起着至关重要的作用。巨噬细胞极化和功能状态的改变需要对靶基因表达进行精确调控。新出现的数据表明，表观遗传机制和转录因子在响应局部环境信号协调巨噬细胞极化过程中越来越受到重视。本综述将聚焦于与巨噬细胞极化相关的表观遗传学变化的先进概念，包括微小RNA、DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰，这些变化在M1或M2极化过程中导致细胞信号改变和特征基因表达。最终，对组织巨噬细胞极化和功能中表观遗传机制的持续研究和理解将增强开发各种疾病新型治疗靶点的潜力。
