未来的临床试验：基因驱动试验。
Future Clinical Trials: Genetically Driven Trials.
作者信息
Astsaturov Igor
机构信息
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
出版信息
Surg Oncol Clin N Am. 2017 Oct;26(4):791-797. doi: 10.1016/j.soc.2017.05.014. Epub 2017 Aug 18.
The design of modern oncology clinical trials seeks to match patients' cancer molecular biomarkers with medications that specifically target those biomarkers, a general paradigm shift in cancer care coined clinical cancer biology. This approach exploits the synthetic lethality between a specific genetic alteration in the cancer cell and a drug: rapid termination of exaggerated kinase activity exemplifies this phenomenon. Synthetic lethality-based investigations are driven by rapidly evolving technologies for cancer molecular profiling. As these technologies evolve, future clinical trials will test drugs' activity based on the molecular mechanisms rather than by the tumor's appearance under a microscope.
现代肿瘤学临床试验的设计旨在将患者的癌症分子生物标志物与专门针对这些生物标志物的药物相匹配，这是癌症治疗领域的一种总体范式转变，被称为临床癌症生物学。这种方法利用了癌细胞中特定基因改变与药物之间的合成致死性：癌细胞中过度的激酶活性被迅速终止就是这一现象的例证。基于合成致死性的研究由癌症分子图谱分析技术的快速发展所推动。随着这些技术的不断发展，未来的临床试验将根据分子机制而非肿瘤在显微镜下的外观来测试药物的活性。
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