Kunitomi Haruko, Banno Kouji, Yanokura Megumi, Takeda Takashi, Iijima Moito, Nakamura Kanako, Iida Miho, Adachi Masataka, Watanabe Keiko, Matoba Yusuke, Kobayashi Yusuke, Tominaga Eiichiro, Aoki Daisuke
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
Oncol Lett. 2017 Sep;14(3):3297-3301. doi: 10.3892/ol.2017.6640. Epub 2017 Jul 20.
The increasing incidence of obesity and diabetes due to changes in diet, earlier menarche, delayed menopause, late marriage, and declining birth rate have resulted in an increase in the number of endometrial cancer cases over the last few decades. Although surgical therapy is sufficient for early endometrial cancer, there is no effective therapy for patients with advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer. The oncogenic mechanism of endometrial cancer involves microsatellite instability (MSI) caused by dysfunction of DNA mismatch repair genes in 30% of patients. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including anti-programmed death (PD)-1 and anti-PD-ligand 1 antibodies, are of interest as novel anticancer drugs; however, these drugs are currently expensive, and there is a need to select patients who will benefit from their use. The use of MSI analysis as a predictive biomarker for the therapeutic efficacy of these drugs may be useful for reducing the costs of drug therapy.
在过去几十年中，由于饮食变化、初潮提前、绝经延迟、结婚晚以及出生率下降，肥胖症和糖尿病的发病率不断上升，导致子宫内膜癌病例数增加。虽然手术治疗对早期子宫内膜癌足够有效，但对于晚期和复发性子宫内膜癌患者却没有有效的治疗方法。在30%的患者中，子宫内膜癌的致癌机制涉及由DNA错配修复基因功能障碍引起的微卫星不稳定性（MSI）。包括抗程序性死亡（PD）-1和抗PD配体1抗体在内的免疫检查点抑制剂作为新型抗癌药物备受关注；然而，这些药物目前价格昂贵，有必要选择能从其使用中获益的患者。将MSI分析用作这些药物治疗效果的预测生物标志物，可能有助于降低药物治疗成本。
