a Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatry Research , Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services , Stockholm , Sweden.
b Department of Women's and Children's Health , Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden.
Cogn Behav Ther. 2018 May;47(3):206-228. doi: 10.1080/16506073.2017.1369559. Epub 2017 Sep 20.
Clinical supervision is a central part of psychotherapist training but the empirical support for specific supervision theories or features is unclear. The aims of this study were to systematically review the empirical research literature regarding the effects of clinical supervision on therapists' competences and clinical outcomes within Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). A comprehensive database search resulted in 4103 identified publications. Of these, 133 were scrutinized and in the end 5 studies were included in the review for data synthesis. The five studies were heterogeneous in scope and quality and only one provided firm empirical support for the positive effects of clinical supervision on therapists' competence. The remaining four studies suffered from methodological weaknesses, but provided some preliminary support that clinical supervision may be beneficiary for novice therapists. No study could show benefits from supervision for patients. The research literature suggests that clinical supervision may have some potential effects on novice therapists' competence compared to no supervision but the effects on clinical outcomes are still unclear. While bug-in-the-eye live supervision may be more effective than standard delayed supervision, the effects of specific supervision models or features are also unclear. There is a continued need for high-quality empirical studies on the effects of clinical supervision in psychotherapy.
临床监督是心理治疗师培训的核心部分，但具体监督理论或特征的实证支持尚不清楚。本研究的目的是系统地回顾关于临床监督对认知行为疗法（CBT）治疗师能力和临床结果影响的实证研究文献。全面的数据库搜索产生了 4103 篇已确定的出版物。其中，有 133 篇被仔细审查，最终有 5 项研究被纳入综述进行数据综合。这五项研究在范围和质量上存在差异，只有一项研究为临床监督对治疗师能力的积极影响提供了确凿的实证支持。其余四项研究存在方法学上的弱点，但提供了一些初步证据表明，临床监督可能对新手治疗师有益。没有研究表明监督对患者有好处。研究文献表明，与不监督相比，临床监督可能对新手治疗师的能力有一些潜在的影响，但对临床结果的影响仍不清楚。虽然实时监督比标准延迟监督更有效，但特定监督模式或特征的效果也不清楚。需要继续进行高质量的关于心理治疗中临床监督效果的实证研究。
