The Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Drs Kowalski-McGraw, Green-McKenzie); Geisinger Health, Wilkes Barre, Pennsylvania (Dr Kowalski-McGraw); and The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Cincinnati, Ohio (Drs Pandalai, Schulte).
J Occup Environ Med. 2017 Nov;59(11):1114-1126. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001154.
Prescription opioid and benzodiazepine drug use, which has risen significantly, can affect worker health. Exploration of the scientific literature assessed (1) interrelationships of such drug use, occupational risk factors, and illness and injury, and (2) occupational and personal risk factor combinations that can affect their use.
The scientific literature from 2000 to 2015 was searched to determine any interrelationships.
Evidence for eight conceptual models emerged based on the search yield of 133 articles. These models summarize interrelationships among prescription opioid and benzodiazepine use with occupational injury and illness. Factors associated with the use of these drugs included fatigue, impaired cognition, falls, motor vehicle crashes, and the use of multiple providers.
Prescription opioid and benzodiazepine drugs may be both a personal risk factor for work-related injury and a consequence of workplace exposures.
处方类阿片类药物和苯二氮䓬类药物的使用显著增加，可能会影响工人的健康。本研究旨在评估科学文献中（1）此类药物的使用与职业风险因素以及疾病和伤害之间的相互关系，以及（2）可能影响其使用的职业和个人风险因素组合。
检索了 2000 年至 2015 年的科学文献，以确定是否存在相互关系。
根据 133 篇文章的搜索结果，出现了 8 个概念模型。这些模型总结了处方类阿片类药物和苯二氮䓬类药物的使用与职业伤害和疾病之间的相互关系。与这些药物使用相关的因素包括疲劳、认知障碍、跌倒、机动车事故以及使用多个提供者。
处方类阿片类药物和苯二氮䓬类药物可能既是与工作相关的伤害的个人风险因素，也是工作场所暴露的后果。
