Bachhuber Marcus A, Hennessy Sean, Cunningham Chinazo O, Starrels Joanna L
Marcus A. Bachhuber, Chinazo O. Cunningham, and Joanna L. Starrels are with Division of General Internal Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY. Sean Hennessy is with Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Center for Pharmacoepidemiology Research and Training, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Am J Public Health. 2016 Apr;106(4):686-8. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2016.303061. Epub 2016 Feb 18.
To describe trends in benzodiazepine prescriptions and overdose mortality involving benzodiazepines among US adults.
We examined data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey and multiple-cause-of-death data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Between 1996 and 2013, the percentage of adults filling a benzodiazepine prescription increased from 4.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.8%, 4.5%) to 5.6% (95% CI = 5.2%, 6.1%), with an annual percent change of 2.5% (95% CI = 2.1%, 3.0%). The quantity of benzodiazepines filled increased from 1.1 (95% CI = 0.9, 1.2) to 3.6 (95% CI = 3.0, 4.2) kilogram lorazepam equivalents per 100 000 adults (annual percent change = 9.0%; 95% CI = 7.6%, 10.3%). The overdose death rate increased from 0.58 (95% CI = 0.55, 0.62) to 3.07 (95% CI = 2.99, 3.14) per 100 000 adults, with a plateau seen after 2010.
Benzodiazepine prescriptions and overdose mortality have increased considerably. Fatal overdoses involving benzodiazepines have plateaued overall; however, no evidence of decreases was found in any group. Interventions to reduce the use of benzodiazepines or improve their safety are needed.
描述美国成年人中苯二氮䓬类药物处方趋势以及与苯二氮䓬类药物相关的过量用药死亡率。
我们分析了医疗支出面板调查的数据以及美国疾病控制与预防中心的多死因数据。
1996年至2013年间，开具苯二氮䓬类药物处方的成年人比例从4.1%（95%置信区间[CI]=3.8%，4.5%）增至5.6%（95%CI=5.2%，6.1%），年变化率为2.5%（95%CI=2.1%，3.0%）。每10万成年人中苯二氮䓬类药物的配药量从1.1（95%CI=0.9，1.2）增至3.6（95%CI=3.0，4.2）千克劳拉西泮当量（年变化率=9.0%；95%CI=7.6%，10.3%）。每10万成年人中的过量用药死亡率从0.58（95%CI=0.55，0.62）增至3.07（95%CI=2.99，3.14），2010年后趋于平稳。
苯二氮䓬类药物的处方量和过量用药死亡率大幅上升。总体而言，与苯二氮䓬类药物相关的致命过量用药情况已趋于平稳；然而，未发现任何群体有下降的迹象。需要采取干预措施以减少苯二氮䓬类药物的使用或提高其安全性。
