Cuschieri Sarah, Vassallo Josanne, Calleja Neville, Pace Nikolai, Mamo Julian
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
Int J Hypertens. 2017;2017:7107385. doi: 10.1155/2017/7107385. Epub 2017 Aug 28.
A relationship has been established between socioeconomic status and hypertension. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypertension and to explore the links between hypertension and socioeconomic factors in the adult population of Malta.
A national representative cross-sectional health examination study was performed between 2014 and 2016. Sociodemographic and medical history data was gathered by validated questionnaires while blood pressure was measured. Prevalence rates of known hypertension, newly hypertension, and global hypertension were calculated. Associations between sociodemographic characteristics and hypertension were identified through logistic regression models.
Hypertension contributed to 30.12% (CI 95%: 28.71-31.57) of the study population, with a male preponderance. The majority was known hypertensive (73.59% CI 95%: 71.01-76.02), with only three-quarters on medication. Multivariant analyses showed that increasing age and body mass index, male gender, and living in Gozo, Western district, and Northern Harbour district were associated with having hypertension.
Hypertension is a problem in Malta especially in the male population and with increasing age and body mass index. Education did not exhibit any associated risk for having hypertension, which is inconsistent with the literature, while habitat localities played a role in hypertension development.
社会经济地位与高血压之间已建立起一种关联。本研究的目的是确定马耳他成年人口中高血压的患病率，并探讨高血压与社会经济因素之间的联系。
2014年至2016年期间开展了一项具有全国代表性的横断面健康检查研究。通过经过验证的问卷收集社会人口统计学和病史数据，同时测量血压。计算已知高血压、新发高血压和总体高血压的患病率。通过逻辑回归模型确定社会人口统计学特征与高血压之间的关联。
高血压在研究人群中占30.12%（95%置信区间：28.71 - 31.57），男性居多。大多数为已知高血压患者（73.59%，95%置信区间：71.01 - 76.02），只有四分之三的患者正在接受药物治疗。多变量分析表明，年龄增长、体重指数增加、男性以及居住在戈佐岛、西部地区和北港区与患高血压有关。
高血压在马耳他是一个问题，尤其是在男性人群中，且随着年龄和体重指数的增加而更为突出。教育程度并未表现出与患高血压有任何关联风险，这与文献不一致，而居住地区在高血压的发展中起到了一定作用。
