Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Heavitree Road, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK.
School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017 Nov;117(11):2281-2293. doi: 10.1007/s00421-017-3715-9. Epub 2017 Sep 20.
To compare the effects of self-paced high-intensity interval and continuous cycle training on health markers in premenopausal women.
Forty-five inactive females were randomised to a high-intensity interval training (HIIT; n = 15), continuous training (CT; n = 15) or an inactive control (CON; n = 15) group. HIIT performed 5 × 5 min sets comprising repetitions of 30-s low-, 20-s moderate- and 10-s high-intensity cycling with 2 min rest between sets. CT completed 50 min of continuous cycling. Training was completed self-paced, 3 times weekly for 12 weeks.
Peak oxygen uptake (16 ± 8 and 21 ± 12%), resting heart rate (HR) (-5 ± 9 and -4 ± 7 bpm) and visual and verbal learning improved following HIIT and CT compared to CON (P < 0.05). Total body mass (-0.7 ± 1.4 kg), submaximal walking HR (-3 ± 4 bpm) and verbal memory were enhanced following HIIT (P < 0.05), whereas mental well-being, systolic (-5 ± 6 mmHg) and mean arterial (-3 ± 5 mmHg) blood pressures were improved following CT (P < 0.05). Participants reported similar levels of enjoyment following HIIT and CT, and there were no changes in fasting serum lipids, fasting blood [glucose] or [glucose] during an oral glucose tolerance test following either HIIT or CT (P > 0.05). No outcome variable changed in the CON group (P > 0.05).
Twelve weeks of self-paced HIIT and CT were similarly effective at improving cardiorespiratory fitness, resting HR and cognitive function in inactive premenopausal women, whereas blood pressure, submaximal HR, well-being and body mass adaptations were training-type-specific. Both training methods improved established health markers, but the adaptations to HIIT were evoked for a lower time commitment.
比较自我调节高强度间歇训练和连续循环训练对绝经前女性健康指标的影响。
将 45 名不活跃的女性随机分为高强度间歇训练（HIIT；n=15）、连续训练（CT；n=15）或不活动对照组（CON；n=15）。HIIT 进行 5 次 5 分钟的分组，每组包括 30 秒低强度、20 秒中强度和 10 秒高强度自行车运动的重复，每组之间休息 2 分钟。CT 完成 50 分钟的连续自行车运动。训练是自我调节的，每周 3 次，持续 12 周。
与 CON 相比，HIIT 和 CT 后峰值摄氧量（16±8%和 21±12%）、静息心率（HR）（-5±9 和-4±7bpm）以及视觉和语言学习均有所改善（P<0.05）。HIIT 后全身质量（-0.7±1.4kg）、亚最大步行 HR（-3±4bpm）和语言记忆得到改善（P<0.05），而 CT 后心理健康、收缩压（-5±6mmHg）和平均动脉压（-3±5mmHg）得到改善（P<0.05）。HIIT 和 CT 后，参与者报告的享受程度相似，HIIT 和 CT 后，空腹血清脂质、空腹血糖[葡萄糖]或口服葡萄糖耐量试验期间的血糖[葡萄糖]均无变化（P>0.05）。CON 组的任何结果变量均未发生变化（P>0.05）。
12 周自我调节的 HIIT 和 CT 对改善绝经前不活跃女性的心肺适应性、静息 HR 和认知功能同样有效，而血压、亚最大 HR、健康状况和体重适应性则与训练类型有关。两种训练方法都改善了既定的健康指标，但 HIIT 的适应需要较低的时间投入。
