Siontorou Christina G, Nikoleli Georgia-Paraskevi, Nikolelis Dimitrios P, Karapetis Stefanos K
Laboratory of Simulation of Industrial Processes, Department of Industrial Management and Technology, School of Maritime and Industry, University of Piraeus, 18534 Piraeus, Greece.
Laboratory of Inorganic & Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Sciences, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece.
Membranes (Basel). 2017 Jul 26;7(3):38. doi: 10.3390/membranes7030038.
The multifaceted role of biological membranes prompted early the development of artificial lipid-based models with a primary view of reconstituting the natural functions in vitro so as to study and exploit chemoreception for sensor engineering. Over the years, a fair amount of knowledge on the artificial lipid membranes, as both, suspended or supported lipid films and liposomes, has been disseminated and has helped to diversify and expand initial scopes. Artificial lipid membranes can be constructed by several methods, stabilized by various means, functionalized in a variety of ways, experimented upon intensively, and broadly utilized in sensor development, drug testing, drug discovery or as molecular tools and research probes for elucidating the mechanics and the mechanisms of biological membranes. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art, discusses the diversity of applications, and presents future perspectives. The newly-introduced field of artificial cells further broadens the applicability of artificial membranes in studying the evolution of life.
生物膜的多方面作用促使早期开发基于脂质的人工模型，其主要目的是在体外重建自然功能，以便研究和利用化学感受用于传感器工程。多年来，关于人工脂质膜（无论是悬浮的或支撑的脂质膜以及脂质体）的大量知识已得到传播，并有助于使最初的范围多样化和扩大。人工脂质膜可以通过多种方法构建，通过各种手段稳定，以多种方式功能化，进行深入实验，并广泛应用于传感器开发、药物测试、药物发现或作为阐明生物膜力学和机制的分子工具及研究探针。本文综述了最新技术，讨论了应用的多样性，并展望了未来前景。新引入的人工细胞领域进一步拓宽了人工膜在研究生命进化方面的适用性。
