Schlichting Daniela, Sommerfeld Christine, Müller-Graf Christine, Selhorst Thomas, Greiner Matthias, Gerofke Antje, Ulbig Ellen, Gremse Carl, Spolders Markus, Schafft Helmut, Lahrssen-Wiederholt Monika
German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany.
PLoS One. 2017 Sep 21;12(9):e0184946. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184946. eCollection 2017.
The aim of this study was to examine the contamination of game meat with copper and zinc and establish whether the use of alternative (non-lead) ammunition can lead to higher or unsafe levels of copper and zinc in the meat of roe deer, wild boar and red deer. The research project "Safety of game meat obtained through hunting" (LEMISI) was conducted in Germany with the purpose of examining the entry of lead as well as copper and zinc into the meat of hunted game when using either lead or non-lead ammunition. The outcome of this study shows that the usage of both lead-based ammunition and alternative non-lead ammunition results in the entry of copper and zinc into the edible parts of the game. Using non-lead ammunition does not entail dangerously elevated levels of copper and zinc, so replacing lead ammunition with alternative ammunition does not introduce a further health problem with regard to these metals. The levels of copper and zinc in game meat found in this study are in the range found in previous studies of game. The content of copper and zinc in game meat is also comparable to those regularly detected in meat and its products from livestock (pig, cattle, sheep) for which the mean human consumption rate is much higher. From the viewpoint of consumer health protection, the use of non-lead ammunition does not pose an additional hazard through copper and zinc contamination. A health risk due to the presence of copper and zinc in game meat at typical levels of consumer exposure is unlikely for both types of ammunition.
本研究的目的是检测野味肉中铜和锌的污染情况，并确定使用替代（无铅）弹药是否会导致狍、野猪和马鹿肉中铜和锌含量升高或达到不安全水平。在德国开展了“狩猎获得的野味肉安全性”（LEMISI）研究项目，旨在研究使用铅弹药或无铅弹药时，铅以及铜和锌进入被猎杀野味肉中的情况。该研究结果表明，使用铅基弹药和替代无铅弹药都会导致铜和锌进入野味的可食用部分。使用无铅弹药不会使铜和锌含量危险地升高，因此用替代弹药取代铅弹药不会在这些金属方面带来进一步的健康问题。本研究中发现的野味肉中铜和锌的含量处于以往野味研究中发现的范围内。野味肉中铜和锌的含量也与家畜（猪、牛、羊）肉及其制品中经常检测到的含量相当，而家畜肉的人均食用率要高得多。从保护消费者健康的角度来看，使用无铅弹药不会因铜和锌污染而带来额外危害。对于这两种弹药来说，在消费者典型接触水平下，野味肉中铜和锌的存在不太可能造成健康风险。
