Kamdem Félicite, Lekpa Fernando Kemta, Doualla Marie Solange, Nouga Yvette Ngo, Sontsa Olivier Donfack, Temfack Elvis, Kingue Samuel
Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital; Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Douala University, Douala, Cameroon.
Department of Internal Medicine, Douala General Hospital, Douala; Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Buea, Cameroon.
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2017 Sep-Oct;28(5):1144-1149. doi: 10.4103/1319-2442.215143.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has emerged as a worldwide problem and is a major cause for comorbidity in hypertensive patients. In an attempt to enhance awareness and to help in establishing preventive measures and care, it is necessary to describe CKD among newly diagnosed and untreated hypertensive patients. We conducted a cross-sectional study to describe the characteristics of CKD among newly diagnosed, treatment naïve, hypertensive patients in four health-care centers in the city of Douala, Cameroon. Sociodemographic and biological data were collected and serum creatinine was measured by enzymatic - colorimetric methods. We calculated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation and described CKD as eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Logistic regression was further used to develop early clues of association. We included 839 newly diagnosed hypertensive treatment naïve patients, among which 412 (49.1%) men. The mean [±standard deviation (SD)] age was 51 (±11) years and was higher among those with CKD. Seventy-six had a family history of hypertension and 65 were known diabetic patients. Mean (±SD) eGFR was 94.4 (±33.3) mL/min and the prevalence of CKD was 12.4% (104/839). From multivariate logistic regression, age >55 years [OR: 5.29 (3.33-8.42)], obesity [OR: 0.15 (0.10-0.26)], kalemia [OR: 1.33 (1.03-1.72)] were independently associated to CKD. CKD is a common condition in newly diagnosed and untreated hypertensive patients in Cameroon. Individuals with hypertension should be carefully evaluated for the presence of CKD, especially those with decreased GFR.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）已成为一个全球性问题，并且是高血压患者合并症的主要原因。为了提高认识并有助于制定预防措施和护理方案，有必要描述新诊断且未治疗的高血压患者中的CKD情况。我们进行了一项横断面研究，以描述喀麦隆杜阿拉市四个医疗中心新诊断、未接受过治疗的高血压患者中CKD的特征。收集了社会人口统计学和生物学数据，并通过酶比色法测量血清肌酐。我们使用肾脏疾病饮食改良方程计算估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR），并将CKD描述为eGFR<60 mL/（min·1.73 m²）。进一步使用逻辑回归来发现关联的早期线索。我们纳入了839名新诊断的未接受过治疗的高血压患者，其中412名（49.1%）为男性。平均[±标准差（SD）]年龄为51（±11）岁，CKD患者的年龄更高。76人有高血压家族史，65人为已知糖尿病患者。平均（±SD）eGFR为94.4（±33.3）mL/min，CKD患病率为12.4%（104/839）。多因素逻辑回归显示，年龄>55岁[比值比（OR）：5.29（3.33 - 8.42）]、肥胖[OR：0.15（0.10 - 0.26）]、血钾[OR：1.33（1.03 - 1.72）]与CKD独立相关。在喀麦隆新诊断且未治疗的高血压患者中，CKD是一种常见情况。对于高血压患者，应仔细评估是否存在CKD，尤其是肾小球滤过率降低的患者。
