身体活动与久坐行为的行为和心理表型分析：对体重管理的启示
Behavioral and Psychological Phenotyping of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior: Implications for Weight Management.
作者信息
Bryan Angela D, Jakicic John M, Hunter Christine M, Evans Mary E, Yanovski Susan Z, Epstein Leonard H
机构信息
Department of Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA.
Department of Health and Physical Activity, Physical Activity and Weight Management Research Center, and Healthy Lifestyle Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
出版信息
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2017 Oct;25(10):1653-1659. doi: 10.1002/oby.21924.
OBJECTIVE
Risk for obesity is determined by a complex mix of genetics and lifetime exposures at multiple levels, from the metabolic milieu to psychosocial and environmental influences. These phenotypic differences underlie the variability in risk for obesity and response to weight management interventions, including differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior.
METHODS
As part of a broader effort focused on behavioral and psychological phenotyping in obesity research, the National Institutes of Health convened a multidisciplinary workshop to explore the state of the science in behavioral and psychological phenotyping in humans to explain individual differences in physical activity, both as a risk factor for obesity development and in response to activity-enhancing interventions.
RESULTS
Understanding the behavioral and psychological phenotypes that contribute to differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior could allow for improved treatment matching and inform new targets for tailored, innovative, and effective weight management interventions.
CONCLUSIONS
This summary provides the rationale for identifying psychological and behavioral phenotypes relevant to physical activity and identifies opportunities for future research to better understand, define, measure, and validate putative phenotypic factors and characterize emerging phenotypes that are empirically associated with initiation of physical activity, response to intervention, and sustained changes in physical activity.
目的
肥胖风险由多种因素复杂交织决定，包括遗传因素以及从代谢环境到心理社会和环境影响等多个层面的终生暴露情况。这些表型差异构成了肥胖风险及体重管理干预反应变异性的基础，包括身体活动和久坐行为方面的差异。
方法
作为肥胖研究中更广泛的行为和心理表型研究工作的一部分，美国国立卫生研究院召开了一次多学科研讨会，以探讨人类行为和心理表型领域的科学现状，从而解释身体活动方面的个体差异，身体活动既是肥胖发生的风险因素，也是对促进活动干预措施的反应。
结果
了解导致身体活动和久坐行为差异的行为和心理表型，有助于改善治疗匹配，并为量身定制、创新且有效的体重管理干预措施提供新的目标依据。
结论
本综述阐述了识别与身体活动相关的心理和行为表型的基本原理，并确定了未来研究的机会，以便更好地理解、定义、测量和验证假定的表型因素，以及刻画与身体活动起始、干预反应和身体活动持续变化经验性相关的新出现的表型。
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