Kiykim Ayca, Mumcu Gonca, Ogulur Ismail, Karakoc-Aydiner Elif, Direskeneli Haner, Baris Safa, Cagan Hasret, Ozen Ahmet
Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2017;174(1):52-56. doi: 10.1159/000480082. Epub 2017 Sep 27.
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) has been successfully employed in IgE-mediated respiratory allergies. However, it is not known whether the modulation of immune responses in the sublingual area during SLIT has any deleterious effect on oral health. We sought to determine the oral health prospectively in children receiving SLIT for house dust mite allergy.
Eighteen children with allergic asthma and/or rhinitis and 31 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were included in an open-labeled trial. Oral health was evaluated by scoring the decayed, missing, and filled teeth for primary (dmft) and permanent (DMFT) dentition, and the plaque and gingival indices. Moreover, cariogenic food intake and teeth-brushing habits were also noted at baseline and at 19 months.
The mean age of the SLIT participants was 9.5 ± 3.1 years and that of the HC was 9.2 ± 3.7 years. The mean duration of SLIT was 19.13 ± 3.81 months. At baseline, the total dmft and DMFT indices were similar in the SLIT and HC groups (p > 0.05), which demonstrated poor hygiene overall. In the within-group comparisons at the examination at 19 months, the SLIT group had a lower number of carious primary teeth and a higher number of filled primary teeth compared to the count at baseline (p = 0.027 and p = 0.058, respectively).
Our study showed no detrimental effect of SLIT on oral health during a period of 19 months of follow-up. Parents should be motivated to use dental health services to prevent new caries formation since our cohort had overall poor oral hygiene at the baseline.
舌下免疫疗法（SLIT）已成功应用于IgE介导的呼吸道过敏。然而，尚不清楚SLIT期间舌下区域免疫反应的调节对口腔健康是否有任何有害影响。我们试图前瞻性地确定接受SLIT治疗屋尘螨过敏的儿童的口腔健康状况。
一项开放标签试验纳入了18名过敏性哮喘和/或鼻炎儿童以及31名年龄匹配的健康对照（HC）。通过对乳牙（dmft）和恒牙（DMFT）的龋、失、补牙情况以及菌斑和牙龈指数进行评分来评估口腔健康。此外，在基线和19个月时还记录了致龋性食物摄入量和刷牙习惯。
SLIT参与者的平均年龄为9.5±3.1岁，HC的平均年龄为9.2±3.7岁。SLIT的平均持续时间为19.13±3.81个月。在基线时，SLIT组和HC组的总dmft和DMFT指数相似（p>0.05），总体卫生状况较差。在19个月检查时的组内比较中，与基线时的计数相比，SLIT组的乳牙龋坏数量较少，补牙数量较多（分别为p=0.027和p=0.058）。
我们的研究表明，在19个月的随访期间，SLIT对口腔健康没有有害影响。由于我们的队列在基线时总体口腔卫生较差，应鼓励家长利用牙科保健服务预防新的龋齿形成。
