Harvard Society of Fellows, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138, USA.
McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139, USA.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2017 Nov;18(11):671-684. doi: 10.1038/nrn.2017.112. Epub 2017 Sep 29.
Autism is a complex neurodevelopmental condition, and little is known about its neurobiology. Much of autism research has focused on the social, communication and cognitive difficulties associated with the condition. However, the recent revision of the diagnostic criteria for autism has brought another key domain of autistic experience into focus: sensory processing. Here, we review the properties of sensory processing in autism and discuss recent computational and neurobiological insights arising from attention to these behaviours. We argue that sensory traits have important implications for the development of animal and computational models of the condition. Finally, we consider how difficulties in sensory processing may relate to the other domains of behaviour that characterize autism.
自闭症是一种复杂的神经发育障碍，其神经生物学机制知之甚少。自闭症的研究大多集中在与该疾病相关的社交、沟通和认知困难上。然而，自闭症诊断标准的最近修订将自闭症患者的另一个关键领域的体验纳入了研究焦点：感觉处理。在这里，我们回顾了自闭症患者的感觉处理特性，并讨论了由于对这些行为的关注而产生的最近的计算和神经生物学见解。我们认为，感觉特征对自闭症的动物和计算模型的发展具有重要意义。最后，我们考虑了感觉处理困难如何与自闭症的其他行为领域相关。
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