Bratek Agnieszka, Krysta Krzysztof, Kucia Krzysztof
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Independent Public Clinical Hospital No. 7 of Medical University of Silesia, Ziołowa 45-47, Katowice, Poland,
Psychiatr Danub. 2017 Sep;29(Suppl 3):590-593.
The population of older adults with intellectual disability (ID) is large and growing due to a significant increase of life expectancy caused by improvements in health and social care. Multimorbidity is highly prevalent in this population and co-morbid psychiatric disorders are especially frequent.
The aim of this article is to review the prevalence and consequences of psychiatric comorbidity in the population of older adults with ID. We therefore performed a literature search of studies relevant to adults with ID, published since January 2006, using the following keywords: intellectual disability and comorbidity, intellectual disability and mental disorders, intellectual disability and polypharmacy.
Psychiatric comorbidity is frequent among patients with ID and correlates with older age. Mental disorders are present in up to 40% of older adults with ID and the most prevalent are challenging behaviour, depression, anxiety and dementia. Patients with ID and at least one co-morbid mental disorder are at a high risk of polypharmacy. Importantly, psychiatric comorbidity was found to significantly increase service use and costs of care.
Further investigation of the population of older adults with ID is needed, with special attention to development of clear treatment guidelines in order to effectively manage co-morbid mental illnesses and physical health problems.
由于健康和社会护理的改善导致预期寿命显著增加，患有智力残疾（ID）的老年人数量庞大且不断增长。多重疾病在这一人群中极为普遍，共病的精神障碍尤为常见。
本文旨在综述患有ID的老年人中精神疾病共病的患病率及后果。因此，我们使用以下关键词对2006年1月以来发表的与ID成年人相关的研究进行了文献检索：智力残疾与共病、智力残疾与精神障碍、智力残疾与多重用药。
精神疾病共病在ID患者中很常见，且与年龄较大相关。高达40%的患有ID的老年人存在精神障碍，最常见的是挑战性行为、抑郁、焦虑和痴呆。患有ID且至少有一种共病精神障碍的患者多重用药风险很高。重要的是，发现精神疾病共病会显著增加服务使用和护理成本。
需要对患有ID的老年人进行进一步调查，特别关注制定明确的治疗指南，以便有效管理共病的精神疾病和身体健康问题。
