Faculty of Education, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan.
Department of Educational Psychology, Shujitsu University, Okayama, Japan.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2018 Nov;62(11):931-940. doi: 10.1111/jir.12515. Epub 2018 Jul 2.
People with intellectual disabilities are more likely than people in the general population to experience life events associated with an increased risk of mental health problems. However, there has been little research in Japan on the prevalence of mental health problems in adults with intellectual disability (ID) or on associated factors and access to relevant services.
Informants completed the Japanese version of the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disabilities Checklist, and questions on the use of mental health services, for 126 adults with ID living in Tokyo.
A total of 23.8% of adults with ID had scores above the Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disabilities Checklist threshold score. Mental health problems were associated with age, gender and life events and not associated with the level of ID or living environment. Approximately 60% of participants with mental health problems were treated by psychiatrists and 6% of them received psychotherapy.
In the present study, mental health problems occurred in adults with ID at similar frequencies as in previous studies. Adults with ID who experienced mental health problems tended to receive less psychological therapy than the general Japanese population experiencing such problems. This result may indicate poor provision of psychological services for people with intellectual disabilities in Japan.
与一般人群相比，智力障碍者更有可能经历与心理健康问题风险增加相关的生活事件。然而，在日本，针对智力残疾成年人（ID）中心理健康问题的患病率及其相关因素和获得相关服务的情况，研究甚少。
调查员为居住在东京的 126 名 ID 成年人完成了日本版的《成人发育障碍精神评估表清单》和关于心理健康服务使用情况的问题。
共有 23.8%的 ID 成年人的得分高于《成人发育障碍精神评估表清单》的阈值得分。心理健康问题与年龄、性别和生活事件有关，与 ID 水平或生活环境无关。大约 60%有心理健康问题的参与者接受了精神科医生的治疗，其中 6%的人接受了心理治疗。
在本研究中，智力障碍成年人的心理健康问题发生率与以往研究相似。有心理健康问题的 ID 成年人接受心理治疗的比例低于日本一般人群中出现此类问题的比例。这一结果可能表明日本为智力残疾人提供的心理服务不足。
