Rangel Erica Cavalcanti, Pereira Andre, Cavalcante Tania Maria, Oliveira Egléubia Andrade, Silva Vera Luiza da Costa E
Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2017 Sep 21;33Suppl 3(Suppl 3):e00126115. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00126115.
Tobacco consumption is a leading cause of various types of cancer and other tobacco-related diseases. In 2003, the World Health Assembly adopted the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO-FCTC), which aims to protect citizens from the health, social, environmental, and economic consequences of tobacco consumption and exposure to tobacco smoke. The Convention was to be ratified by the Member States of the WHO; in Brazil's case, ratification involved the National Congress, which held public hearings in the country's leading tobacco growing communities (municipalities). The current study analyzes this decision-making process according to the different interests, positions, and stakeholders. In methodological terms, this is a qualitative study based on document research, drawing primarily on the shorthand notes from the public hearings. We analyze the interests and arguments for and against ratification. The article shows that although preceded by intense debates, the final decision in favor of ratification was made by a limited group of government stakeholders, characterizing a decision-making process similar to a funnel.
烟草消费是各类癌症及其他与烟草相关疾病的主要成因。2003年,世界卫生大会通过了《世界卫生组织烟草控制框架公约》(WHO-FCTC),其旨在保护公民免受烟草消费及接触烟草烟雾所带来的健康、社会、环境和经济后果影响。该公约需由世界卫生组织成员国批准;就巴西而言,批准过程涉及国民议会,国民议会在该国主要烟草种植社区(市镇)举行了公开听证会。本研究根据不同利益、立场和利益相关者来分析这一决策过程。从方法论角度来看,这是一项基于文献研究的定性研究,主要借鉴公开听证会的速记笔记。我们分析了支持和反对批准的利益及论点。文章表明,尽管此前进行了激烈辩论,但最终支持批准的决定是由一小部分政府利益相关者做出的,这体现了一个类似于漏斗的决策过程。