Melotti Iane Glauce R, Juliato Cássia Raquel Teatin, Coelho Suelene Costa de Albuquerque, Lima Marcelo, Riccetto Cassio Luiz Zanettini
School of Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.
Int Neurourol J. 2017 Sep;21(3):204-211. doi: 10.5213/inj.1734890.445. Epub 2017 Sep 12.
Overactive bladder (OAB) is characterized by urinary urgency with or without urge incontinence, accompanied by frequency and nocturia. It affects individuals of all ages and can predispose affected individuals to depression and anxiety. However, few studies have been conducted on this topic. The objective of this study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis assessing the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and OAB using validated instruments.
The search for articles was based on the following descriptors: overactive bladder, depression, and anxiety ("Urinary bladder, Overactive AND Depression and Anxiety") OR ("Urinary bladder, Overactive AND Depression" OR "Urinary bladder, Overactive AND Anxiety"). The databases searched included PubMed, MEDLINE, and SciELO.
Initially, 111 articles were identified, but only 11 articles, containing 11,784 participants with depression and 10,436 with anxiety, specifically addressed depression or anxiety and were included in this systematic review. Ten articles incorporated a quantitative analysis, with cohort, series, population-based, and cross-sectional designs. One qualitative study was also included. Three articles were included in the meta-analysis, resulting in a total of 7,468 participants in whom depression was evaluated and 8,030 participants in whom anxiety was analyzed. Depression and anxiety were positively correlated with OAB. Men with OAB were considerably more likely than women to have anxiety (odds ratio [OR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40-1.73) but there was no sex-related difference in depression (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.77-1.21).
This study showed a positive correlation between OAB and anxiety and depression. Men were considerably more likely than women to have anxiety related to OAB, but depression levels in OAB patients were not sex-related. This review highlights the need to investigate depression and anxiety in patients with OAB.
膀胱过度活动症（OAB）的特征是伴有或不伴有急迫性尿失禁的尿急，并伴有尿频和夜尿症。它影响所有年龄段的人，并可能使受影响的个体易患抑郁症和焦虑症。然而，关于这个主题的研究很少。本研究的目的是使用经过验证的工具进行系统评价和荟萃分析，评估抑郁症、焦虑症和OAB的症状。
文章检索基于以下描述词：膀胱过度活动症、抑郁症和焦虑症（“膀胱，过度活动与抑郁症和焦虑症”）或（“膀胱，过度活动与抑郁症”或“膀胱，过度活动与焦虑症”）。检索的数据库包括PubMed、MEDLINE和SciELO。
最初，识别出111篇文章，但只有11篇文章专门涉及抑郁症或焦虑症，并纳入了本系统评价，这些文章包含11784名抑郁症患者和10436名焦虑症患者。10篇文章纳入了定量分析，采用队列、系列、基于人群和横断面设计。还纳入了一项定性研究。3篇文章纳入了荟萃分析，共有7468名参与者接受了抑郁症评估，8030名参与者接受了焦虑症分析。抑郁症和焦虑症与OAB呈正相关。患有OAB的男性比女性更有可能患焦虑症（优势比[OR]，1.56；95%置信区间[CI]，1.40-1.73），但抑郁症在性别上没有差异（OR，0.96；95%CI，0.77-1.21）。
本研究表明OAB与焦虑症和抑郁症之间存在正相关。患有OAB的男性比女性更有可能患与OAB相关的焦虑症，但OAB患者的抑郁水平与性别无关。本综述强调了对OAB患者的抑郁症和焦虑症进行调查的必要性。
