Semmelmann Kilian, Hönekopp Astrid, Weigelt Sarah
Department of Developmental Neuropsychology, Institute of Psychology, Ruhr-Universität BochumBochum, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2017 Sep 12;8:1582. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01582. eCollection 2017.
Online experimentation is emerging as a new methodology within classical data acquisition in psychology. It allows for easy, fast, broad, and cheap data conduction from the comfort of people's homes. To add another method to the array of available tools, here we used recent developments in web technology to investigate the technical feasibility of online HyperText Markup Language-5/JavaScript-based video data recording. We employed a preferential looking task with children between 4 and 24 months. Parents and their children participated from home through a three-stage process: First, interested adults registered and took pictures through a webcam-based photo application. In the second step, we edited the pictures and integrated them into the design. Lastly, participants returned to the website and the video data acquisition took place through their webcam. In sum, we were able to create and employ the video recording application with participants as young as 4 months old. Quality-wise, no participant had to be removed due to the framerate or quality of videos and only 7% of data was excluded due to behavioral factors (lack of concentration). Results-wise, interrater reliability of rated looking side (left/right) showed a high agreement between raters, Fleiss' Kappa, κ = 0.97, which can be translated to sufficient data quality for further analyses. With regard to on-/off-screen attention attribution, we found that children lost interest after about 10 s after trial onset using a static image presentation or 60 s total experimental time. Taken together, we were able to show that online video data recording is possible and viable for developmental psychology and beyond.
在线实验正在成为心理学经典数据采集中的一种新方法。它能让人们在舒适的家中轻松、快速、广泛且低成本地进行数据收集。为了在现有工具中增添另一种方法，我们利用网络技术的最新发展，研究了基于超文本标记语言5/JavaScript的在线视频数据记录的技术可行性。我们对4至24个月大的儿童采用了偏好注视任务。家长和孩子在家中通过三个阶段参与实验：首先，感兴趣的成年人注册并通过基于网络摄像头的照片应用程序拍照。第二步，我们编辑照片并将其融入设计中。最后，参与者返回网站，通过网络摄像头进行视频数据采集。总之，我们能够为年仅4个月大的参与者创建并使用视频记录应用程序。在质量方面，没有参与者因视频帧率或质量问题而被排除，仅有7%的数据因行为因素（注意力不集中）被排除。在结果方面，对注视方向（左/右）评分的评分者间信度显示评分者之间高度一致，弗莱iss卡方系数κ = 0.97，这表明数据质量足以进行进一步分析。关于屏幕上/下注意力归因，我们发现使用静态图像呈现时，儿童在试验开始后约10秒或总实验时间60秒后就会失去兴趣。综上所述，我们能够证明在线视频数据记录对于发展心理学及其他领域是可行且有效的。
