与在高环境温度下运动的犬类耐力相关的环境和生理因素。

Environmental and Physiological Factors Associated With Stamina in Dogs Exercising in High Ambient Temperatures.

作者信息

Robbins Patrick J, Ramos Meghan T, Zanghi Brian M, Otto Cynthia M

机构信息

Penn Vet Working Dog Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States.

Nestlé Purina Research, St. Louis, MO, United States.

出版信息

Front Vet Sci. 2017 Sep 11;4:144. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00144. eCollection 2017.

Abstract

This IACUC approved study was performed to evaluate the environmental, physiological, and hematological components that contribute to stamina following successive bouts of exercise that included searching (5-min), agility (5-min), and ball retrieve (<10-min). Regularly exercised dogs ( = 12) were evaluated on five separate occasions. The population consisted of eight males and four females ranging in age from 8 to 23 months, which included six Labrador retrievers, three German shepherds, and one each English springer spaniel, German wirehaired pointer, and Dutch shepherd. The exercise period was up to 30 min with 5 min of intermittent rest between the exercise bouts or until a designated trainer determined that the dog appeared fatigued (e.g., curled tongue while panting, seeking shade, or voluntary reluctance to retrieve). At the end of the exercise period, pulse rate (PR), core temperature, blood lactate, and venous blood gas were collected. The median outdoor temperature was 28.9°C (84°F) (IQR; 27.2-30°C/81-86°F) and median humidity was 47% (IQR; 40-57%). Median duration of exercise was 27 min (IQR; 25-29). No dog showed signs of heat stress that required medical intervention. The components used to measure stamina in this study were total activity, post-exercise core body temperature (CBT), and increase in CBT. When controlling for breed, total activity, as measured by omnidirectional accelerometer device, could be predicted from a linear combination of the independent variables: pre-exercise activity ( = 0.008), post-exercise activity ( < 0.001), outdoor temperature ( = 0.005), reduction in base excess in extracellular fluid compartment (BEecf) ( = 0.044), and decrease in TCO ( = 0.005). When controlling for breed and sex, increase in CBT could be predicted from a linear combination of the independent variables: study day ( = 0.005), increase in PR ( < 0.001), increase in lactate ( = 0.001), reduction in BEecf ( = 0.031), increase in glucose ( = 0.044), increase in hematocrit ( = 0.032), and increase in hemoglobin ( = 0.038). This study suggests that the influence of outdoor temperature, pre- and post-exercise activity, and the metabolic parameters are important components of stamina associated with exertion.

摘要

这项经机构动物护理和使用委员会(IACUC)批准的研究旨在评估环境、生理和血液学因素对连续进行包括搜索(5分钟)、敏捷性(5分钟)和捡球(<10分钟)等运动后的耐力的影响。对12只经常运动的狗在五个不同时间点进行了评估。研究对象包括8只雄性和4只雌性狗,年龄在8至23个月之间,其中有6只拉布拉多寻回犬、3只德国牧羊犬,以及1只英国激飞猎犬、1只德国刚毛指示犬和1只荷兰牧羊犬。运动时长可达30分钟,运动回合之间有5分钟的间歇休息,或者直到指定的训练师判定狗出现疲劳(如喘气时舌头卷曲、寻找阴凉处或主动不愿捡球)。在运动期结束时,收集脉搏率(PR)、核心体温、血乳酸和静脉血气。室外温度中位数为28.9°C(84°F)(四分位距;27.2 - 30°C/81 - 86°F),湿度中位数为47%(四分位距;40 - 57%)。运动持续时间中位数为27分钟(四分位距;25 - 29)。没有狗出现需要医疗干预的热应激迹象。本研究中用于衡量耐力的因素包括总活动量、运动后核心体温(CBT)以及CBT的升高。在控制品种因素后,通过全向加速度计设备测量的总活动量可以从以下自变量的线性组合中预测:运动前活动量(=0.008)、运动后活动量(<0.001)、室外温度(=0.005)、细胞外液碱剩余(BEecf)的降低(=0.044)以及总二氧化碳(TCO)的降低(=0.005)。在控制品种和性别因素后,CBT的升高可以从以下自变量的线性组合中预测:研究天数(=0.005)、PR的升高(<0.001)、乳酸的升高(=0.001)、BEecf的降低(=0.031)、葡萄糖的升高(=0.044)、血细胞比容的升高(=0.032)以及血红蛋白的升高(=0.038)。本研究表明,室外温度、运动前后的活动量以及代谢参数的影响是与运动相关的耐力的重要组成部分。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b1cf/5600973/886b5ea32bf0/fvets-04-00144-g001.jpg

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