Mortada I, Leone A, Gerges Geagea A, Mortada R, Matar C, Rizzo M, Hajj Hussein I, Massaad-Massade L, Jurjus A
Independent consultant, Lebanese University, Beirut Lebanon
Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut (AUB), Beirut, Lebanon
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2017 Jul-Sep;31(3):817-821.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, have important extraintestinal manifestations, notably in the oral cavity. These oral manifestations can constitute important clinical clues in the diagnosis and management of IBD, and include changes at the immune and bacterial levels. Aphthous ulcers, pyostomatitis vegetans, cobblestoning and gingivitis are important oral findings frequently observed in IBD patients. Their presentations vary considerably and might be well diagnosed and distinguished from other oral lesions. Infections, drug side effects, deficiencies in some nutrients and many other diseases involved with oral manifestations should also be taken into account. This article discusses the most recent findings on the oral manifestations of IBD with a focus on bacterial modulations and immune changes. It also includes an overview on options for management of the oral lesions of IBD.
炎症性肠病（IBD），包括克罗恩病和溃疡性结肠炎，具有重要的肠外表现，尤其是在口腔。这些口腔表现可构成IBD诊断和管理中的重要临床线索，包括免疫和细菌水平的变化。阿弗他溃疡、增殖性脓性口炎、鹅卵石样改变和牙龈炎是IBD患者常见的重要口腔表现。它们的表现差异很大，可能很容易诊断并与其他口腔病变区分开来。还应考虑感染、药物副作用、某些营养素缺乏以及许多其他伴有口腔表现的疾病。本文讨论了IBD口腔表现的最新研究结果，重点是细菌调节和免疫变化。还概述了IBD口腔病变的管理方案。
