Spruce Lisa
AORN J. 2017 Oct;106(4):306-316.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.aorn.2017.08.001.
Microorganisms that cause surgical site infections may either be present on the patient's skin or mucous membranes or transmitted to the patient by health care personnel, the environment, or other items in the perioperative setting. This literature review analyzes the evidence used to support the recommendation that perioperative personnel should cover their heads, hair, and ears in the semirestricted and restricted areas. A literature search produced 27 articles related to bacterial shedding from skin and hair, pathogenic organisms present on the hair and ears, and case reports of infectious organisms passed from health care providers to patients. Although there is no conclusive evidence that wearing a head covering can help prevent surgical site infections, the potential benefits to patients when compared with the risks suggest that perioperative team members should cover their heads, hair, and ears in the semirestricted and restricted areas to provide the best possible protection for surgical patients.
引起手术部位感染的微生物可能存在于患者的皮肤或黏膜上，也可能由医护人员、环境或围手术期环境中的其他物品传播给患者。这篇文献综述分析了用于支持围手术期人员应在半限制区和限制区内遮盖头部、头发和耳朵这一建议的证据。文献检索产生了27篇文章，内容涉及皮肤和头发的细菌脱落、头发和耳朵上存在的致病生物以及医护人员将感染性生物传播给患者的病例报告。虽然没有确凿证据表明佩戴头套有助于预防手术部位感染，但与风险相比，对患者的潜在益处表明围手术期团队成员应在半限制区和限制区内遮盖头部、头发和耳朵，以便为手术患者提供尽可能好的保护。
