Yamada Yasue, Ohtani Kohei, Imajo Akinori, Izu Hanae, Nakamura Hitomi, Shiraishi Kohei
Department of Biotechnology and Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kinki University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
National Research Institute of Brewing, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan.
Toxicol Rep. 2015 May 12;2:729-736. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2015.05.002. eCollection 2015.
These are many volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are synthesized, produced from petroleum or derived from natural compounds, mostly plants. Fragrant and volatile organic compounds from plants have been used as food additives, medicines and aromatherapy. Several clinical and pathological studies have shown that chronic abuse of VOCs, mainly toluene, causes several neuropsychiatric disorders. Little is known about the mechanisms of neurotoxicity of the solvents. n-Octanal, nonanal, and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, which are used catalyzers or intermediates of chemical reactions, are released into the environment. Essential oils have the functions of self-defense, sterilization, and antibiosis in plants. When volatile organic compounds enter the body, there is the possibility that they will pass through the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and affect the central nervous system (CNS). However, the direct effects of volatile organic compounds on neural function and their toxicities are still unclear. We compared the toxicities of n-octanal, nonanal and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol with those of five naturally derived fragrant organic compounds (FOCs), linalool, -3-hexen-1-ol, isoamyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol and n-phenethyl alcohol. MTT assay of human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells showed that the IC values of linalool, -3-hexen-1-ol, isoamyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol and phenethyl alcohol were 1.33, 2.3, >5, >5, and 2.39 mM, respectively, and the IC values of toluene, n-octanal, nonanal and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol were 850, 37.2, 8.31 and 15.1 μM, respectively. FOCs showed lower toxicities than those of VOCs. These results indicate that FOCs are safer than other compounds.
有许多挥发性有机化合物（VOCs），它们是合成的、由石油生产的或源自天然化合物，主要是植物。来自植物的芳香挥发性有机化合物已被用作食品添加剂、药物和芳香疗法。多项临床和病理学研究表明，长期滥用挥发性有机化合物，主要是甲苯，会导致多种神经精神障碍。关于这些溶剂的神经毒性机制知之甚少。正辛醛、壬醛和2-乙基-1-己醇作为化学反应的催化剂或中间体被释放到环境中。植物中的精油具有自我防御、杀菌和抗菌功能。当挥发性有机化合物进入人体时，它们有可能穿过血脑屏障（BBB）并影响中枢神经系统（CNS）。然而，挥发性有机化合物对神经功能的直接影响及其毒性仍不清楚。我们比较了正辛醛、壬醛和2-乙基-1-己醇与五种天然衍生的芳香有机化合物（FOCs），即芳樟醇、反-3-己烯-1-醇、异戊醇、正丙醇和苯乙醇的毒性。对人神经母细胞瘤SK-N-SH细胞的MTT分析表明，芳樟醇、反-3-己烯-1-醇、异戊醇、正丙醇和苯乙醇的IC值分别为1.33、2.3、>5、>5和2.39 mM，而甲苯、正辛醛、壬醛和2-乙基-1-己醇的IC值分别为850、37.2、8.31和15.1 μM。芳香有机化合物的毒性低于挥发性有机化合物。这些结果表明，芳香有机化合物比其他化合物更安全。
