Bitew Adane, Molalign Tamirat, Chanie Meseret
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Laboratory, St. Peter Tuberculosis Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Sep 29;17(1):654. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2743-8.
Urinary tract infection is the second most common type of infection and the problem is further compounded by the emergence of drug resistance in bacterial uropathogens. The aim of this study was to determine the spectrum of bacterial uropathogens and their drug resistant pattern.
A single institutional cross-sectional study was carried out at Arsho Advanced Medical laboratory from September 2015 to May 2016. A total of 712 urine samples were collected, inoculated onto primary isolation culture media, incubated at 37 °C for 18-24 h, and significant bacteriuria was determined. Identification and the antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacteria were determined by using the automated VITEK 2 compact system.
Out of 712 urine samples processed, 256 (36%) yielded significant bacteriuria of which 208 (81.25%) were obtained from female and 48 (18.75%) from male patients. Age group of 25-44 were more affected with the infection. Of 256 bacterial isolates recovered, Escherichia coli, was the dominant bacterium. Ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were the least effective drugs while piperacillin/tazobactam was the most effective drug against Gram-negative bacteria. Erythromycin was the least effective drug while vancomycin was the most active drug against Gram-positive bacteria.
Observation of many bacterial species causing UTI in this study warrants, a continuous epidemiological survey of UTI in health institutions across the country. High level of drug resistance to the commonly prescribed drugs necessitates a search for other options.
尿路感染是第二常见的感染类型，而尿路致病菌耐药性的出现使问题更加复杂。本研究的目的是确定尿路致病菌的种类及其耐药模式。
2015年9月至2016年5月在阿尔绍高级医学实验室进行了一项单机构横断面研究。共收集712份尿液样本，接种于初代分离培养基上，在37°C孵育18 - 24小时，确定是否存在显著菌尿。使用自动化VITEK 2 compact系统对细菌进行鉴定和药敏试验。
在处理的712份尿液样本中，256份（36%）出现显著菌尿，其中208份（81.25%）来自女性患者，48份（18.75%）来自男性患者。25 - 44岁年龄组受感染影响更大。在分离出的256株细菌中，大肠杆菌是主要细菌。氨苄西林和甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑是最无效的药物，而哌拉西林/他唑巴坦是对抗革兰氏阴性菌最有效的药物。红霉素是最无效的药物，而万古霉素是对抗革兰氏阳性菌最有效的药物。
本研究中观察到多种细菌可引起尿路感染，因此有必要在全国各医疗机构对尿路感染进行持续的流行病学调查。对常用药物的高耐药水平使得有必要寻找其他治疗选择。
