Demilie Tazebew, Beyene Getenet, Melaku Selabat, Tsegaye Wondewosen
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, P.O. Box 79. Bair Dar, Ethiopia.
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2012 Jul;22(2):121-8.
Urinary tract infection in pregnancy is associated with significant morbidity for both the mother and the baby. The aim of this study was to determine the bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance pattern of the urinary pathogens isolated from pregnant women at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital Bahirdar, Ethiopia.
A total of 367 pregnant women with and without symptoms of urinary tract infection were enrolled as a study subject from October 2010 to January 2011. Organisms were identified from mid-stream clean catch urine samples and antibiotic susceptibility was performed using bacteriological standard tests. Data were collected using structured questionnaires and were processed and analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 16.
Out of 367 pregnant women, 37 were symptomatic and the rest 330 asymptomatic. Bacteriological screening of urine samples revealed growth of bacteria in 8.5% (7/37) and 18.9% (28/330) for symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women respectively with overall prevalence of 9.5%. The most common isolates detected were E.coli (45.7%) followed by coagulase negative Staphylococcus (17.1%) and S.aureus (8.6%). Gram-negative bacteria showed resistance rates in the range of 56.5% -82.6 % against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, amoxicillin & ampicillin. Gram positive isolates showed resistant rate ranging from 50-100% against tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole, amoxicillin and penicillin-G. Both Gram positive and gram negative bacteria showed high sensitivity against Nitrofurantoin with a rate of 82.3% and 87%, respectively. All isolated Gram positive bacterial uropathogens were sensitive for Amoxicillin-clauvlanic acid.
The isolation of bacterial pathogens both from symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women that are resistance to the commonly prescribed drug calls for an early screening of all pregnant women to urinary tract infection.
孕期尿路感染对母亲和婴儿均会造成显著的发病风险。本研究旨在确定从埃塞俄比亚巴赫达尔市费莱格·希沃特转诊医院的孕妇中分离出的尿路病原体的细菌谱和抗生素耐药模式。
2010年10月至2011年1月，共有367名有或无尿路感染症状的孕妇作为研究对象入组。从中段清洁尿标本中鉴定微生物，并使用细菌学标准试验进行抗生素敏感性检测。通过结构化问卷收集数据，并使用SPSS for Windows 16版本进行处理和分析。
367名孕妇中，37名有症状，其余330名无症状。尿标本的细菌学筛查显示，有症状和无症状孕妇的细菌生长率分别为8.5%（7/37）和18.9%（28/330），总体患病率为9.5%。检测到的最常见分离株是大肠杆菌（45.7%），其次是凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（17.1%）和金黄色葡萄球菌（8.6%）。革兰氏阴性菌对甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑、四环素、阿莫西林和氨苄西林的耐药率在56.5% - 82.6%之间。革兰氏阳性分离株对四环素、甲氧苄啶 - 磺胺甲恶唑、阿莫西林和青霉素G的耐药率在50 - 100%之间。革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌对呋喃妥因均表现出高敏感性，分别为82.3%和87%。所有分离出的革兰氏阳性细菌性尿路病原体对阿莫西林 - 克拉维酸均敏感。
从有症状和无症状孕妇中分离出对常用药物耐药的细菌病原体，这就要求对所有孕妇进行尿路感染的早期筛查。
