College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Beijing 100101, China.
Curr Opin Plant Biol. 2018 Feb;41:61-66. doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.09.001. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
Plants differ from most animals in their retained ability to initiate new cycles of growth and development, which relies on the establishment and activity of branch meristems. In seed plants, branching is achieved by axillary meristems, which are established in the axil of each leaf base and develop into lateral branches. Research into axillary meristem initiation has identified transcription factors and phytohormones as key regulators. Based on these findings, a mechanistic framework for understanding axillary meristem initiation has emerged. Taking recent research into account, we discuss mechanisms underlying stem cell fate regulation that enable axillary meristem formation.
植物与大多数动物不同，它们具有启动新的生长和发育周期的能力，这依赖于分支分生组织的建立和活性。在种子植物中，分枝是通过腋芽分生组织实现的，这些组织在每个叶片基部的腋芽处建立，并发育成侧枝。对腋芽分生组织起始的研究已经确定了转录因子和植物激素是关键的调节因子。基于这些发现，一个理解腋芽分生组织起始的机制框架已经出现。考虑到最近的研究，我们讨论了茎干细胞命运调控的机制，这些机制使腋芽分生组织的形成成为可能。
