Price Donald B, Ortiz A Orlando
Department of Radiology, SUNY Stony Brook, NYU Winthrop Hospital, 259 First Street, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.
Department of Radiology, SUNY Stony Brook, NYU Winthrop Hospital, 259 First Street, Mineola, NY 11501, USA.
Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am. 2017 Nov;25(4):713-724. doi: 10.1016/j.mric.2017.06.005. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
Myelographic contrast media of various types have been used over the past 100 years. Many of the early contrast agents had significant toxicities. Gas myelography was tried, but the contrast between gas and soft tissue is poor. Pantopaque, an oil-based iodinated medium was successfully used for decades, but was not compatible with computed tomography (CT) scanning because it was viscous, insoluble, and caused streak artifact. The development of water-soluble agents allowed even distribution in the subarachnoid space and excellent depiction of spinal anatomy on post-myelographic CT scanning. Although invasive, myelography will remain a useful tool for the foreseeable future.
在过去的100年里，人们使用了各种类型的脊髓造影造影剂。许多早期的造影剂都有明显的毒性。曾尝试过气体脊髓造影，但气体与软组织之间的对比度很差。碘苯酯，一种油基碘化造影剂，成功使用了几十年，但由于其粘性大、不溶性且会产生条纹伪影，与计算机断层扫描（CT）不兼容。水溶性造影剂的发展使得其能在蛛网膜下腔均匀分布，并在脊髓造影后的CT扫描中出色地显示脊柱解剖结构。尽管脊髓造影是有创检查，但在可预见的未来仍将是一种有用的工具。
