Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, via Savi 10, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Stella Maris Scientific Institute, Viale del Tirreno, 331, 56128 Calambrone, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Via di San Salvi 12, 50139 Florence, Italy.
Curr Biol. 2017 Oct 9;27(19):3056-3060.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.08.065. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
Area prostriata is a cortical area at the fundus of the calcarine sulcus, described anatomically in humans [1-5] and other primates [6-9]. It is lightly myelinated and lacks the clearly defined six-layer structure evident throughout the cerebral cortex, with a thinner layer 4 and thicker layer 2 [10], characteristic of limbic cortex [11]. In the marmoset and rhesus monkey, area prostriata has cortical connections with MT+ [12], the cingulate motor cortex [8], the auditory cortex [13], the orbitofrontal cortex, and the frontal polar cortices [14]. Here we use functional magnetic resonance together with a wide-field projection system to study its functional properties in humans. With population receptive field mapping [15], we show that area prostriata has a complete representation of the visual field, clearly distinct from the adjacent area V1. As in the marmoset, the caudal-dorsal border of human prostriata-abutting V1-represents the far peripheral visual field, with eccentricities decreasing toward its rostral boundary. Area prostriata responds strongly to very fast motion, greater than 500°/s. The functional properties of area prostriata suggest that it may serve to alert the brain quickly to fast visual events, particularly in the peripheral visual field.
纹状区是位于枕叶距状沟底部的皮质区，在人类[1-5]和其他灵长类动物[6-9]中均有解剖学描述。它的髓鞘较少，缺乏整个大脑皮层明显的六层结构，层 4 较薄，层 2 较厚[10]，具有边缘皮质的特征[11]。在狨猴和恒河猴中，纹状区与 MT+[12]、扣带回运动皮层[8]、听觉皮层[13]、眶额皮质和额极皮质[14]有皮质连接。在这里，我们使用功能磁共振成像和宽视野投影系统来研究其在人类中的功能特性。通过群体感受野映射[15]，我们表明纹状区具有完整的视野代表，与相邻的 V1 明显不同。与狨猴一样，人类纹状区的尾侧-背侧边界与 V1 相邻，代表远周边视野，其偏心度从其头侧边界向下降。纹状区对非常快速的运动（大于 500°/s）有强烈的反应。纹状区的功能特性表明，它可能有助于大脑快速对快速视觉事件做出反应，特别是在周边视野。
