Zhao Yunsheng, Gao Qin, Pei Liu, Wang Chunhua, Jin Liang, Liao Fei
Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao - PR China.
Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Funing, Qinhuangdao - PR China.
Int J Biol Markers. 2017 Oct 31;32(4):e361-e369. doi: 10.5301/ijbm.5000299.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has one of the highest death rates of any cancer in the world, and its incidence is increasing worldwide. Early-stage diagnosis of HCC is thus crucial for medical treatment. Detection of tumor biomarkers is one of the main methods for the early diagnosis of HCC. At present, α-fetoprotein (AFP) is the most practical serum biomarker for HCC diagnosis. However, the diagnostic accuracy of HCC with serum AFP exhibits both sensitivity and specificity far below satisfaction, especially with small sizes of HCC. As a result, the discovery of new biomarkers and/or their combination to enhance both the sensitivity and specificity for laboratory diagnosis of HCC is a crucial goal. With the development of new technology and advances in research, a number of new and specific biomarkers of HCC have been discovered. These biomarkers and their applications for the diagnosis, treatment monitoring and prognosis prediction of HCC, are reviewed in this article.
肝细胞癌（HCC）是全球死亡率最高的癌症之一，其发病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。因此，HCC的早期诊断对治疗至关重要。检测肿瘤生物标志物是HCC早期诊断的主要方法之一。目前，甲胎蛋白（AFP）是用于HCC诊断最实用的血清生物标志物。然而，血清AFP对HCC的诊断准确性在敏感性和特异性方面都远不能令人满意，尤其是对于小尺寸的HCC。因此，发现新的生物标志物和/或它们的组合以提高HCC实验室诊断的敏感性和特异性是一个关键目标。随着新技术的发展和研究的进步，已经发现了许多新的、特异性的HCC生物标志物。本文对这些生物标志物及其在HCC诊断、治疗监测和预后预测中的应用进行综述。
