Litleskare Sigbjørn, Vaktskjold Arild, Barene Svein
School of Sport Sciences Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Elverum, Norway.
Stab Helse, Department of Research, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Brumunddal, Norway.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2018 Nov;58(11):1635-1641. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.17.07878-1. Epub 2017 Sep 29.
Insufficient sleep is associated with increased risk of several health concerns. Although physical activity is generally considered to improve sleep, the influence of different levels of exercise frequency, duration and intensity respectively, has not been sufficiently examined to allow specific recommendations to the general population. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate the association between different levels of the three cardinal characteristics of exercise and sleep disturbance.
Data were collected through a Norwegian comprehensive self-report survey. A total of 3763 respondents (46% males, 54% females) with an average age of 47.9 years (range 15-93) completed the questionnaire, whereof 13.7% were categorized as poor sleepers. The exercise characteristics and sleep disturbance were measured on a 6 to 8 and a 4-item Likert scale, respectively.
Respondents reporting intermediate levels of exercise frequency, duration and intensity, respectively, had a significantly lower occurrence of sleep disturbance compared to respondents with a sedentary lifestyle. No statistical difference in sleep disturbance was observed between respondents performing exercise corresponding to the lowest and highest levels of the three exercise characteristics and those who were sedentary.
The lack of positive association between the lowest and highest levels of the cardinal exercise characteristic and reduction in sleep disturbance revealed in the present study support a recommendation of intermediate levels of exercise frequency, duration and intensity for preventing sleep disturbance in the general population.
睡眠不足与多种健康问题风险增加相关。虽然体育活动通常被认为可改善睡眠，但分别对不同运动频率、时长和强度水平的影响尚未得到充分研究，无法向普通人群提供具体建议。因此，我们的目的是评估运动的三个主要特征的不同水平与睡眠障碍之间的关联。
通过挪威一项全面的自我报告调查收集数据。共有3763名受访者（46%为男性，54%为女性）完成了问卷，平均年龄47.9岁（范围15 - 93岁），其中13.7%被归类为睡眠不佳者。运动特征和睡眠障碍分别采用6至8项和4项李克特量表进行测量。
与久坐不动生活方式的受访者相比，分别报告运动频率、时长和强度处于中等水平的受访者睡眠障碍发生率显著更低。在三项运动特征处于最低和最高水平的运动参与者与久坐不动者之间，未观察到睡眠障碍方面的统计学差异。
本研究揭示的运动主要特征的最低和最高水平与睡眠障碍减少之间缺乏正相关，支持向普通人群推荐运动频率、时长和强度的中等水平以预防睡眠障碍。
