Srivastava Nancy, Nayak Prathibha Anand, Rana Shivendra
Assistant Professor, Department of Periodonitcs, NIMS Dental College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Faculty, Department of Dentistry, IBN Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
J Clin Diagn Res. 2017 Aug;11(8):ZE01-ZE06. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2017/26626.10411. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
Periodontal disease, one of the prevalent oral diseases, is characterized by gingival inflammation and periodontal tissue destruction. Diagnosing this disease is challenging to the clinicians as the disease process is discontinuous and shows periods of exacerbation and remission. Traditional diagnostic methods basically tells about the past tissue destruction so new diagnostic methods are required which is able to detect the active state of the disease, determine the future progression and also estimates the response to the therapy, thereby helping in the better clinical management of the patient. Both saliva and Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are believed to be reliable medium to detect the biomarkers which plays a pivotal role in measuring the disease activity. Keeping these observations in mind rapid chairside tests are developed to diagnose periodontal disease called as Point of Care (POC) diagnostics which simplifies diagnosis and helps in improving the prognosis. This review article highlights about the biomarkers used in the diagnosis and throws light on the various available point of care diagnostic devices.
牙周病是一种常见的口腔疾病，其特征为牙龈炎症和牙周组织破坏。由于该疾病过程不连续，呈现出加重和缓解期，因此临床医生诊断这种疾病具有挑战性。传统诊断方法基本上只能说明过去的组织破坏情况，所以需要新的诊断方法，这些方法能够检测疾病的活跃状态、确定未来的进展并评估对治疗的反应，从而有助于对患者进行更好的临床管理。唾液和龈沟液（GCF）都被认为是检测生物标志物的可靠介质，这些生物标志物在测量疾病活动中起着关键作用。基于这些观察结果，开发了用于诊断牙周病的快速床旁检测方法，即即时检测（POC）诊断，它简化了诊断并有助于改善预后。这篇综述文章重点介绍了用于诊断的生物标志物，并阐明了各种可用的即时检测诊断设备。
