Samueli Institute, Alexandria, Virginia, USA.
Thought Leadership & Innovation Foundation, McLean, Virginia, USA.
Nutr Rev. 2017 Jun 1;75(suppl_2):49-72. doi: 10.1093/nutrit/nux005.
Optimizing cognitive performance and preventing cognitive impairments that result from exposure to high-stress situations are important to ensure mission-readiness for military personnel.
This systematic review assesses the quality of the evidence for plant-based foods and beverages, or their phytochemical constituents, across various outcomes related to cognitive function in healthy adult populations to develop research recommendations for the military.
PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Library were searched.
Peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials published in the English language were eligible.
Twenty-five trials were included and assessed for methodological quality, and descriptive data were extracted.
The acceptable (n = 16) to high-quality (n = 4) studies produced either no statistically significant effect or mixed results for enhancing cognitive function.
The evidence suggested that healthy populations do not experience significant changes in cognitive performance when consuming soy- and non-soy-sourced isoflavones or cocoa. Heterogeneity among other interventions precluded reaching formal conclusions surrounding the evidence. Research recommendations are offered, including conducting more studies on the effect of plant-based interventions on populations reflective of military populations when exposed to military-like situations.
优化认知表现和预防因暴露于高压力环境而导致的认知障碍对于确保军事人员的任务准备状态至关重要。
本系统评价评估了植物性食物和饮料或其植物化学成分在与健康成年人群认知功能相关的各种结果中的证据质量，以制定针对军队的研究建议。
在 PubMed、CINAHL、Embase、PsycInfo 和 Cochrane Library 中进行了检索。
符合条件的研究为同行评审的随机对照试验，以英文发表。
纳入了 25 项试验，并评估了方法学质量，并提取了描述性数据。
可接受（n=16）至高质量（n=4）的研究结果表明，摄入大豆和非大豆来源的异黄酮或可可对认知功能没有显著影响或结果不一致。其他干预措施的异质性使得无法就证据得出正式结论。提出了研究建议，包括在类似于军事的情况下暴露于军事环境的人群中进行更多关于植物性干预对人群影响的研究。
