运用变化阶段理论模型和咨询对精神病患者进行营养习惯的调节。

Moderating Nutritious Habits in Psychiatric Patients Using Transtheoretical Model of Change and Counseling.

机构信息

Naval Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece.

2nd Psychiatric Department, State Mental Hospital of Attica "Daphne", Athens, Greece.

出版信息

Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;988:63-71. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-56246-9_5.

DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-56246-9_5

PMID:28971389

Abstract

UNLABELLED

Motivational Interviewing provides the opportunity to health professionals to have an effective strategy to increase the level of readiness to change health behaviors. Along with the Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change Model) compose the theoretical base of intervention in psychiatry settings.

OBJECTIVE

This study was aimed to change nutritious behavior of psychiatric patients using a specific Model of Change and Counseling implementing a health education program.

METHODOLOGY

A quasi-experimental design was adopted on a random sample of 60 psychiatric patients at Military Hospital of Athens. Patients were divided into two groups as follows; (a) Intervention Group (four sessions of counseling and encouraging motivation for modification of their nutritious habits), and (b) Control Group (simple information sessions about the principles of healthy alimentation).

RESULTS

The mean age of Intervention Group (IG) was 43.9 ± 9.5 and Control Group (CG) 46.1 ± 9.1, ranging from 40 to 55 years old. Also, 26.7% of the participants were female, 23.3% were married and, 10% divorced. Our analyses showed that IG patients were significantly loss weight post-intervention compared to CG patients. Specifically, IG patients were significantly moderated the intake of starchy foods in every meal (p < 0.001) and the intake of fruits and vegetables (p < 0.001). Similarly, IG patients were moderated the intake of low fat dairy foods while they changed the full fat dairy foods with low fat (p < 0.001). Also important, IG patients showed significant enhance (80%) regarding drugs compliance, suggesting that 34% of the CG patients often forgot to take their medication. Finally, IG patients reported a positive attitude towards moderating unhealthy nutritious behaviors (p = 0.032).

CONCLUSIONS

Our results confirms that health educational and promotional Interventions may change behavior of psychiatric patients and thus may positively influence their nutritious habits.

摘要

未加标签

动机性访谈为卫生专业人员提供了一个有效的策略，以提高改变健康行为的准备水平。与跨理论模型（改变阶段模型）一起构成精神病学环境中干预的理论基础。

目的

本研究旨在通过使用特定的改变模型和咨询，实施健康教育计划，改变精神病患者的营养行为。

方法

我们采用准实验设计，对雅典军事医院的 60 名随机抽取的精神病患者进行了抽样调查。患者被分为两组；（a）干预组（四次咨询和鼓励改变他们的营养习惯的动机），和（b）对照组（关于健康饮食原则的简单信息会议）。

结果

干预组（IG）的平均年龄为 43.9±9.5，对照组（CG）为 46.1±9.1，年龄在 40 至 55 岁之间。此外，26.7%的参与者为女性，23.3%为已婚，10%为离婚。我们的分析表明，与 CG 患者相比，IG 患者在干预后体重明显下降。具体来说，IG 患者在每餐中明显减少了淀粉类食物的摄入量（p<0.001）和水果和蔬菜的摄入量（p<0.001）。同样，IG 患者也适度减少了低脂乳制品的摄入量，同时将全脂乳制品换成了低脂乳制品（p<0.001）。此外，重要的是，IG 患者在药物遵守方面表现出显著的提高（80%），这表明 CG 患者中有 34%的人经常忘记服药。最后，IG 患者对调节不健康的营养行为表现出积极的态度（p=0.032）。