Mah Catherine L, Hasdell Rebecca, Minaker Leia M, Soo Stephanie D, Cook Brian, Demaio Alessandro R
Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Health Promot Int. 2018 Dec 1;33(6):1055-1065. doi: 10.1093/heapro/dax049.
The retail sector is a dynamic and challenging component of contemporary food systems with an important influence on population health and nutrition. Global consensus is clear that policy and environmental changes in retail food environments are essential to promote healthier diets and reduce the burden of obesity and non-communicable diseases. In this article, we explore entrepreneurialism as a form of social change-making within retail food environments, focusing on small food businesses. Small businesses face structural barriers within food systems. However, conceptual work in multiple disciplines and evidence from promising health interventions tested in small stores suggest that these retail places may have a dual role in health promotion: settings to strengthen regional economies and social networks, and consumer environments to support healthier diets. We will discuss empirical examples of health-promoting entrepreneurialism based on two sets of in-depth interviews we conducted with public health intervention actors in Toronto, Canada, and food entrepreneurs and city-region policy actors in St. John's, Canada. We will explore the practices of entrepreneurialism in the retail food environment and examine the implications for population health interventions. We contend that entrepreneurialism is important to understand on its own and also as a dimension of population health intervention context. A growing social scientific literature offers a multifaceted lens through which we might consider entrepreneurialism not only as a set of personal characteristics but also as a practice in networked and intersectoral cooperation for public and population health.
零售部门是当代食品系统中一个充满活力且具有挑战性的组成部分，对人群健康和营养有着重要影响。全球共识明确表明，零售食品环境中的政策和环境变化对于促进更健康的饮食以及减轻肥胖和非传染性疾病负担至关重要。在本文中，我们探讨创业精神作为零售食品环境中一种社会变革形式，重点关注小型食品企业。小型企业在食品系统中面临结构性障碍。然而，多学科的概念性工作以及在小商店中测试的有前景的健康干预措施的证据表明，这些零售场所可能在健康促进方面具有双重作用：既是加强区域经济和社会网络的场所，也是支持更健康饮食的消费环境。我们将基于我们对加拿大多伦多的公共卫生干预行动者以及加拿大圣约翰斯的食品企业家和城市区域政策行动者进行的两组深度访谈，讨论促进健康的创业精神的实证例子。我们将探讨零售食品环境中创业精神的实践，并研究其对人群健康干预的影响。我们认为，创业精神本身以及作为人群健康干预背景的一个维度都很重要。越来越多的社会科学文献提供了一个多方面的视角，通过这个视角我们不仅可以将创业精神视为一组个人特征，还可以将其视为一种为了公众和人群健康而进行的网络和跨部门合作的实践。
