Engelman Michal, Kestenbaum Bert M, Zuelsdorff Megan L, Mehta Neil K, Lauderdale Diane S
Department of Sociology and Center for Demography and Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI, 53704, USA.
Office of the Chief Actuary, Social Security Administration, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Demography. 2017 Dec;54(6):2273-2300. doi: 10.1007/s13524-017-0617-8.
Public debates about both immigration policy and social safety net programs are increasingly contentious. However, little research has explored differences in health within America's diverse population of foreign-born workers, and the effect of these workers on public benefit programs is not well understood. We investigate differences in work disability by nativity and origins and describe the mix of health problems associated with receiving Social Security Disability Insurance benefits. Our analysis draws on two large national data sources-the American Community Survey and comprehensive administrative records from the Social Security Administration-to determine the prevalence and incidence of work disability between 2001 and 2010. In sharp contrast to prior research, we find that foreign-born adults are substantially less likely than native-born Americans to report work disability, to be insured for work disability benefits, and to apply for those benefits. Overall and across origins, the foreign-born also have a lower incidence of disability benefit award. Persons from Africa, Northern Europe, Canada, and parts of Asia have the lowest work disability benefit prevalence rates among the foreign-born; persons from Southern Europe, Western Europe, the former Soviet Union, and the Caribbean have the highest rates.
关于移民政策和社会安全网项目的公开辩论日益激烈。然而，很少有研究探讨美国多样化的外国出生工人群体中的健康差异，而且这些工人对公共福利项目的影响也未得到充分理解。我们调查了出生国和原籍地在工作残疾方面的差异，并描述了与领取社会保障残疾保险福利相关的健康问题组合。我们的分析利用了两个大型全国性数据源——美国社区调查和社会保障管理局的综合行政记录——来确定2001年至2010年期间工作残疾的患病率和发病率。与先前的研究形成鲜明对比的是，我们发现外国出生的成年人报告工作残疾、获得工作残疾福利保险以及申请这些福利的可能性远低于美国本土出生的人。总体而言，在所有原籍地中，外国出生的人获得残疾福利奖励的发生率也较低。在外国出生的人群中，来自非洲、北欧、加拿大和亚洲部分地区的人工作残疾福利患病率最低；来自南欧、西欧、前苏联和加勒比地区的人患病率最高。
