Malika Nipher, Aidoo-Frimpong Gloria A, Ogunbajo Adedotun, Ponce Ninez A
RAND Corporation, 1776 Main St., Santa Monica, CA 90401, USA.
University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA.
Discov Public Health. 2025 Dec;22(1). doi: 10.1186/s12982-025-00759-4. Epub 2025 Jul 2.
Little is known about the health needs and status of Sub-Saharan African (SSA) immigrants in the U.S. To address this, the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS) began collecting disaggregated Black data in 2021 to better understand the health profiles of SSA immigrants. This cross-sectional study utilizes the 2021-2022 CHIS two-year public use dataset for adults aged 18 and over to examine the demographics, economic well-being, health status, healthcare access, health insurance access, health behaviors, and other social determinants of health of SSA immigrants in California. Descriptive analyses were used to summarize the demographic and health characteristics of SSA immigrants. We found a balanced gender distribution showing females slightly outnumbering males, with most identifying as heterosexual and residing in urban areas. SSA immigrants are generally well-educated, with 57% holding college degrees, and 66% employed full-time. However, 16% live below the poverty line, and 16% experience food insecurity, surpassing national averages. Health status indicates 16% report fair to poor health, with prevalent chronic conditions like asthma and diabetes. Despite 96% having health insurance, 18% delay necessary healthcare. Social determinants highlight high adverse childhood experiences and systemic discrimination, though resilience is evident through positive childhood experiences. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address the unique challenges faced by SSA immigrants, enhancing their access to resources and support systems to improve overall health and well-being.
人们对美国撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）移民的健康需求和状况知之甚少。为了解决这一问题，加利福尼亚健康访谈调查（CHIS）于2021年开始收集细分的黑人数据，以更好地了解SSA移民的健康状况。这项横断面研究利用2021 - 2022年CHIS的两年期成人公开使用数据集，该数据集涵盖18岁及以上成年人，旨在研究加利福尼亚州SSA移民的人口统计学、经济状况、健康状况、医疗保健可及性、健康保险可及性、健康行为以及其他健康的社会决定因素。描述性分析用于总结SSA移民的人口统计学和健康特征。我们发现性别分布均衡，女性略多于男性，大多数人认同为异性恋且居住在城市地区。SSA移民普遍受过良好教育，57%拥有大学学位，66%全职工作。然而，16%的人生活在贫困线以下，16%的人面临粮食不安全问题，超过了全国平均水平。健康状况表明，16%的人报告健康状况为一般或较差，患有哮喘和糖尿病等常见慢性病。尽管96%的人拥有健康保险，但18%的人会推迟必要的医疗保健。社会决定因素凸显了童年时期的高不良经历和系统性歧视，不过积极的童年经历也体现出了他们的复原力。这些发现凸显了有针对性地进行干预的必要性，以应对SSA移民面临的独特挑战，增加他们获得资源和支持系统的机会，从而改善整体健康和福祉。
