Nogueira Barbara Schwair, Fraguas Renerio, Benseñor Isabela Martins, Lotufo Paulo Andrade, Brunoni Andre Russowsky
MD, MSc, PhD. Psychologist, Hospital Universitário, Universidade de São Paulo (HU/USP), Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research & Interdisciplinary Center for Applied Neuromodulation (Centro Interdisciplinar de Neuromodulação Aplicada, CINA), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
MD, PhD. Associate Professor, Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research & Interdisciplinary Center for Applied Neuromodulation (Centro Interdisciplinar de Neuromodulação Aplicada, CINA), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
Sao Paulo Med J. 2017 Sep-Oct;135(5):469-474. doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2017.0063250517. Epub 2017 Oct 2.
Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have distinct personality traits, compared with control subjects, although the role of anxiety and positive and negative affects in this finding is unclear.
A case-control study enrolling 103 antidepressant-free depressed patients and 103 age and gender-matched controls was conducted at the University Hospital, University of São Paulo.
The self-reported scales of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Cloninger's Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) were applied. Temperament and character traits were compared between groups using multivariate and bivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA and ANOVA). The influence of anxiety and affect was further investigated using ANOVA and mediation analyses.
Depressed patients presented higher harm avoidance and lower self-directedness scores than controls. After adjustment for anxiety trait, harm avoidance was no longer significantly different between groups. Mediation analysis revealed that the anxiety trait, but not state-anxiety or affect, fully mediated the influence of group (depressed versus control subjects) on harm avoidance.
Our findings confirm that depressed patients present personality traits distinct from those of controls and suggest that MDD is not directly associated with harm avoidance, but that this effect is fully mediated through the anxiety trait.
与对照组相比，重度抑郁症（MDD）患者具有独特的人格特质，尽管焦虑以及正负性情绪在这一发现中的作用尚不清楚。
在圣保罗大学医院开展了一项病例对照研究，纳入103例未服用抗抑郁药的抑郁症患者以及103例年龄和性别匹配的对照者。
应用正负性情绪量表（PANAS）、状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）以及克隆宁格气质性格量表（TCI）的自我报告量表。采用多变量和双变量方差分析（MANOVA和ANOVA）对两组间的气质和性格特质进行比较。使用ANOVA和中介分析进一步研究焦虑和情绪的影响。
与对照组相比，抑郁症患者的回避伤害得分更高，而自我导向得分更低。在对焦虑特质进行校正后，两组间的回避伤害得分不再有显著差异。中介分析显示，是焦虑特质而非状态焦虑或情绪，完全介导了组别（抑郁症患者与对照者）对回避伤害的影响。
我们的研究结果证实，抑郁症患者具有与对照组不同的人格特质，并表明MDD与回避伤害没有直接关联，而是这种效应完全通过焦虑特质介导。
