The Institute for Health and Ageing, Australian Catholic University, Australia.
The University of Melbourne, Australia.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2018 Jan;77:8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2017.09.011. Epub 2017 Sep 14.
BACKGROUND: Family caregivers of people with dementia have significant unmet health needs. There is a lack of research that differentiates between the needs that are specifically relevant to partner and offspring caregivers. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the health needs of partner and offspring caregivers of older people with dementia, including the barriers they experience in meeting their needs. METHOD: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 family caregivers of community-dwelling people with dementia. Of these, 12 were partner caregivers (4 men, 8 women) and 12 were offspring caregivers (2 men, 10 women). The interviews were transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Five themes were identified within the data. The first theme represents caregivers' overall assessment and perception of their health needs. The remaining four themes represent the most important aspects of caregivers' health needs; mental health, emotional support and social relationships, healthy diet and exercise, and personal time. While these themes were similar for offspring and partner caregivers, the specific needs and barriers within these areas were different. A prominent barrier for partner caregivers was that they had difficulty in acknowledging their needs. Despite this, partner caregivers demonstrated unmet emotional support needs, as they no longer had emotional support from their partner with dementia. They also had an unmet need for time away from the care-giving role, yet they were reluctant to leave the person with dementia. Offspring caregivers' unmet health needs were easily identified and were focused on their unmet mental health needs and feeling socially isolated. These unmet mental health and social support needs were related to their unmet health needs in other areas such as exercise, diet and having time to themselves. CONCLUSION: Caregivers have significant unmet needs and these are often complex, multidimensional, and they often differ between partner and offspring caregivers. Gaining a more detailed understanding of the needs and barriers that are particularly relevant to either partner or offspring caregivers will assist in the development of interventions that are tailored to the unique needs of caregivers.
背景:痴呆症患者的家庭照顾者有大量未满足的健康需求。缺乏研究区分与伴侣和子女照顾者特别相关的需求。
目的:本研究旨在检查老年痴呆症患者的伴侣和子女照顾者的健康需求,包括他们在满足这些需求时所遇到的障碍。
方法:对 24 名居住在社区的痴呆症患者的家庭照顾者进行了半结构化访谈。其中 12 人为伴侣照顾者(4 男 8 女),12 人为子女照顾者(2 男 10 女)。访谈记录被转录并使用主题分析进行分析。
结果:数据中确定了五个主题。第一个主题代表了照顾者对自己健康需求的总体评估和感知。其余四个主题代表了照顾者健康需求的最重要方面;心理健康、情感支持和社会关系、健康饮食和锻炼以及个人时间。虽然这些主题对子女和伴侣照顾者都适用,但这些领域的具体需求和障碍有所不同。伴侣照顾者的一个突出障碍是他们难以承认自己的需求。尽管如此,伴侣照顾者表现出未满足的情感支持需求,因为他们不再从患有痴呆症的伴侣那里得到情感支持。他们也需要时间远离照顾角色,但他们不愿意离开痴呆症患者。子女照顾者的未满足的健康需求很容易被识别出来,他们主要关注未满足的心理健康需求和感到社交孤立。这些未满足的心理健康和社会支持需求与他们在其他领域(如锻炼、饮食和自我时间)的未满足健康需求有关。
结论:照顾者有大量未满足的需求,这些需求通常是复杂的、多维度的,并且在伴侣和子女照顾者之间往往存在差异。更详细地了解与伴侣或子女照顾者特别相关的需求和障碍,将有助于制定针对照顾者独特需求的干预措施。
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