Hase Michael, Balmaceda Ute M, Ostacoli Luca, Liebermann Peter, Hofmann Arne
Lüneburger Zentrum für StressmedizinLüneburg, Germany.
Therapie LüneburgLüneburg, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2017 Sep 21;8:1578. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01578. eCollection 2017.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy has been widely recognized as an efficacious treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In the last years more insight has been gained regarding the efficacy of EMDR therapy in a broad field of mental disorders beyond PTSD. The cornerstone of EMDR therapy is its unique model of pathogenesis and change: the adaptive information processing (AIP) model. The AIP model developed by F. Shapiro has found support and differentiation in recent studies on the importance of memories in the pathogenesis of a range of mental disorders beside PTSD. However, theoretical publications or research on the application of the AIP model are still rare. The increasing acceptance of ideas that relate the origin of many mental disorders to the formation and consolidation of implicit dysfunctional memory lead to formation of the theory of pathogenic memories. Within the theory of pathogenic memories these implicit dysfunctional memories are considered to form basis of a variety of mental disorders. The theory of pathogenic memories seems compatible to the AIP model of EMDR therapy, which offers strategies to effectively access and transmute these memories leading to amelioration or resolution of symptoms. Merging the AIP model with the theory of pathogenic memories may initiate research. In consequence, patients suffering from such memory-based disorders may be earlier diagnosed and treated more effectively.
眼动脱敏再处理（EMDR）疗法已被广泛认可为创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的有效治疗方法。近年来，人们对EMDR疗法在PTSD以外的广泛精神障碍领域的疗效有了更多了解。EMDR疗法的基石是其独特的发病机制和改变模型：适应性信息处理（AIP）模型。F. 夏皮罗提出的AIP模型在最近关于记忆在包括PTSD在内的一系列精神障碍发病机制中的重要性的研究中得到了支持和区分。然而，关于AIP模型应用的理论出版物或研究仍然很少。越来越多的观点认为，许多精神障碍的起源与内隐功能失调记忆的形成和巩固有关，这导致了致病记忆理论的形成。在致病记忆理论中，这些内隐功能失调记忆被认为是多种精神障碍的基础。致病记忆理论似乎与EMDR疗法的AIP模型兼容，该模型提供了有效获取和转化这些记忆的策略，从而导致症状的改善或缓解。将AIP模型与致病记忆理论相结合可能会引发研究。因此，患有此类基于记忆的障碍的患者可能会更早被诊断出来，并得到更有效的治疗。
